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Table 2 Associations of types of grains and lifestyle profiles with all-cause mortality

From: Associations of types of grains and lifestyle with all-cause mortality among Chinese adults aged 65 years or older: a prospective cohort study

Subgroups

No of events/participants

HR (95% CI)

P

P for interaction d

RERI (95% CI) e

Total samples (N = 30275)a

   

0.01

− 0.06 (− 0.19,0.07)

Types of grains

 Wheat

4140/6388

1.00

   

 Total rice

14255/22570

0.92(0.89,0.96)

 < 0.001

  

 Coarse cereals

866/1317

0.89(0.82,0.96)

0.003

  

Lifestyle profiles

 Healthy

4768/8385

1.00

   

 Intermediate

12187/18268

1.10(1.06,1.14)

 < 0.001

  

 Unhealthy

2306/3622

1.14(1.08,1.20)

 < 0.001

  

 Males (N = 13029)b

   

0.09

− 0.06 (− 0.22, 0.10)

Types of grains

 Wheat

1751/2813

1.00

   

 Total rice

6036/9681

0.89(0.84,0.94)

 < 0.001

  

 Coarse cereals

349/535

0.92(0.82,1.04)

0.17

  

Lifestyle profiles

 Healthy

2396/4161

1.00

   

 Intermediate

3810/5791

1.08(1.02,1.15)

0.01

  

 Unhealthy

1930/3077

1.13(1.06,1.20)

 < 0.001

  

 Females (N = 17246)b

   

0.01

− 0.33 (− 0.62,− 0.04)

Types of grains

 Wheat

2389/3575

1.00

   

 Total rice

8219/12889

0.96(0.91,1.01)

0.09

  

 Coarse cereals

517/782

0.87(0.79,0.97)

0.01

  

Lifestyle profiles

 Healthy

2372/4224

1.00

   

 Intermediate

8377/12477

1.10(1.05,1.16)

 < 0.001

  

 Unhealthy

376/545

1.10(0.97,1.25)

0.14

  

 Age 65–79 years (N = 6789)c

   

0.63

0.05 (− 0.17, 0.27)

Types of grains

 Wheat

509/1518

1.00

   

 Total rice

1709/4988

0.83(0.78,0.89)

 < 0.001

  

 Coarse cereals

101/283

0.86(0.75,0.97)

0.02

  

Lifestyle profiles

 Healthy

657/2180

1.00

   

 Intermediate

1250/3500

1.03(0.96,1.09)

0.42

  

 Unhealthy

412/1109

1.09(1.00,1.18)

0.04

  

 Age ≥ 80 years (N = 23486)c

   

0.04

− 0.09 (− 0.24, 0.07)

Types of grains

 Wheat

3631/4870

1.00

   

 Total rice

12546/17582

0.96(0.91,1.01)

0.09

  

 Coarse cereals

765/1034

0.90(0.82,1.00)

0.04

  

Lifestyle profiles

 Healthy

4111/6205

1.00

   

 Intermediate

10937/14768

1.14(1.09,1.20)

 < 0.001

  

 Unhealthy

1894/2513

1.10(1.02,1.17)

0.01

  
  1. aAge, sex, body weight, education levels, marital status, living areas, ethnicity, intake of grains, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease, history of coronary heart disease, and self-reported health were adjusted
  2. bAge, body weight, education levels, marital status, living areas, ethnicity, intake of grains, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease, history of coronary heart disease, and self-reported health were adjusted
  3. cSex, body weight, education levels, marital status, living areas, ethnicity, intake of grains, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease, history of coronary heart disease, and self-reported health were adjusted
  4. dP for interaction indicates the multiplicative interaction between types of grains and lifestyle profile on all-cause mortality
  5. eRERI was used to evaluate additive interaction between types of grains (total rice vs wheat) and lifestyle profiles (healthy vs unhealthy) on all-cause mortality, and the additive interaction was statistically significant when its confidence interval did not include 0
  6. RERI relative excess risk due to interaction