Fig. 4

Cortical Cysteine protease (ATG4A) mRNA and protein level. A Cortical Cysteine protease (ATG4A) mRNA (N = 6–8 per group). B Representative merged images of DAPI—DNA blue staining of cells' nuclei and Atg4a protein-red staining in SBN/y and SBH/y at three-time points: Baseline, 6 months, and 9 months on RD or HSD. Scale bar: 50 µm. C IF analysis of the cortical ATG4A protein level (N = 6–7 per group). Mean ± SEM. Three-way ANOVA was followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. ^**P < 0.005; ^***P < 0.001