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Table 2 Candidate genes for gene over-representation analyses

From: Lipolysis and gestational diabetes mellitus onset: a case-cohort genome-wide association study in Chinese

Gene

Gene name

Chr

Type

Primary molecular function

APC

APC, WNT signaling pathway regulator

5

Protein coding

Tumor suppressor

BRCA1

BRCA1, DNA repair associated

17

Protein coding

Facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage

CLOCK

Clock circadian regulator

4

Protein coding

Transcriptional activator as a core component of the circadian clock

GRIN3B

Glutamate ionotropic receptor nmda type subunit 3b

19

Protein coding

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with reduced single-channel conductance, low calcium permeability and low voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium

GSK3B

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta

3

Protein coding

A negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules

KRT8P38M

Keratin 8 pseudogene 38

10

Pseudogene

NA

LIPFM

Lipase F, gastric type

10

Protein coding

Catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to free fatty acids, diacylglycerol, monoacylglycerol, and glycerol

LIPJM

Lipase family member J

10

Protein coding

Enabling hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds

LIPKM

Lipase family member K

10

Protein coding

Playing a highly specific role in the last step of keratinocyte differentiation; may have an essential function in lipid metabolism of the most differentiated epidermal layer

LIPNM

Lipase family member N

10

Protein coding

Same as the LIPK

NR3C1

Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1

5

Protein coding

Receptor for glucocorticoids

PRDM16

PR/SET domain 16

1

Protein coding

Binds DNA and functions as a transcriptional regulator

RNLSM

Renalase, FAD dependent amine oxidase

10

Protein coding

Catalyzing the oxidation of the less abundant 1,2-dihydro-beta-NAD(P) and 1,6-dihydro-beta-NAD(P) to beta-NAD(P)( +)

SALL3

Spalt like transcription factor 3

18

Protein coding

Probable transcription factor

SLC12A8S

Solute carrier family 12 member 8

3

Protein coding

Ation/chloride cotransporter that may play a role in the control of keratinocyte proliferation

SYCP2

Synaptonemal complex protein 2

20

Protein coding

Major component of the axial/lateral elements of synaptonemal complexes during meiotic prophase

TMEM259

Transmembrane protein 259

19

Protein coding

May have a role in the endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERDA) pathway required for clearance of misfolded proteins in the ER; promoting survival of motor neurons

TPH1

Tryptophan hydroxylase 1

11

Protein coding

Oxidizing L-tryptophan to 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan in the rate-determining step of serotonin biosynthesis

TPH2

Tryptophan hydroxylase 2

12

Protein coding

Enabling tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity

  1. Genes with superscript “S” were mapped by SNPs associated with GDM from GWAS, genes with superscript “M” were mapped by mapping strategies using GWAS summary statistics, and others were mapped by CNVRs directly associated with GDM. Molecular function of genes is from the GeneCards databases
  2. Chr chromosome, NA not applicable