Fig. 3

D-mannose suppressed osteoclastogenesis but did not promote osteogenesis in vivo. a Representative TRAP staining images of femurs, bar represents 1 mm and 100 μm, respectively. The cells with more than three nuclei and stained as claret-red color are osteoclasts. b Immunohistochemical staining of OCN were used to observe osteogenesis in distal femur. The black dotted rectangles indicate positive areas while solid rectangles refer to a higher magnification of immunoreactivity positive areas, bar represents 1 mm and 100 μm, respectively. c The number of osteoclasts per bone unit area (OC. N/BS) and the percent of surfaces area of osteoclasts (OC. S/BS) were counted. d Positive areas of OCN were counted. e The content of CTX1 and P1NP in rat serum. Data are expressed as mean ± SD