From: M2 tumor-associated macrophage mediates the maintenance of stemness to promote cisplatin resistance by secreting TGF-β1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
TGF-β1
P-Smad2/3
characteristics
N
Negatie 0–5
Postive ≥ 6
X2
p
Negative 0–5
ESCCs
92
51
41
28.122
< 0.001***
55
37
24.739
CANs
83
9
84
8