Fig. 2

ALA/MrgD axis inhibited glycolysis in TGF-β1-induced activated fibroblasts. A OCR was measured using the Seahorse XF. Basal respiration (B) and maximal respiration (C) are quantified and shown as histograms. D ECAR was measured using Seahorse XF. Glycolysis (E) and glycolysis capacity (F) are quantified and shown as histograms. Extracellular lactate concentration (G) and intracellular ATP levels (H). Protein (I, J, L) and mRNA (K) levels of PFKFB3 and HK2 in fibroblasts. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus control group; ^#P < 0.05 versus TGF-β1 group or L-lactic acid group; ^△P < 0.05 versus TGFβ1 + ALA group (n = 3)