Fig. 4

CAF-educated monocytes and their derived exosomes suppress T-cell proliferation. TEMo, NEMo, their corresponding exosomes as well as control monocytes were co-cultured with autologous peripheral T-cells which were labeled with CFSE for 72 h. Representative flow cytometry histograms (A) and bar graphs of proliferated T-cells (B) illustrated that TEMo and their derived exosomes (100 µg/mL) had a greater inhibitory effect on T-cell proliferation when compared with control monocytes, NEMo, or derived exosomes. Effector cells (i.e., monocytes) were co-cultured with target cells (labeled T-cells) at the Effector: target (E:T) ratio of 1:4. Columns, mean of three different experiments; bars, SD. **P-value < 0.01, ***P-value < 0.001