Fig. 1

T-cell infiltration reduction in ccRCC than in peritumour tissue. A, B, C Statistical analysis of CD3, CD4, and CD8 immunohistochemistry results in ccRCC and peritumour tissue (n = 44, P < 0.05). D Representative images of CD3, CD4, and CD8 immunohistochemistry results in peritumour (Left) and ccRCC (Right) tissue. Scale bar, 100 μm. E Representative images of CD3, PD-1 expression and IFN-γ secretion by flow cytometry in peritumour and ccRCC tissue. F Statistical analysis of flow cytometry results of IFN-γ secretion (Left) and PD-1 expression (Right). Data are mean ± SEM. Student’s t-test is used to compare the immunohistochemistry results’ difference, IFN-γ secretion, or PD-1 expression between the peritumour and ccRCC group. *P value < 0.05; **P value < 0.01; ***P value < 0.001; ns not significant