Fig. 4

Metabolite composition and difference between Distal T and Distal N. A, B OPLS-DA showed that Distal T and Distal N were separated into two clusters. Test for OPLS-DA model showed that the model for this study was valid. C Volcano map of different metabolites between Distal T and Distal N. (VIP > 1 and p value < 0.05). D The functions of these metabolites and metabolic pathways were studied using the KEGG database. E Heatmap representative differentially metabolites between Distal T and Distal N. Tumor, represents the samples of Distal T; Normal, represents the samples of Distal N.The abscissa represents the sample name and the ordinate represents the differential metabolite. The color from blue to red indicates that the expression abundance of metabolites is from low to high, that is, the more red indicates that the expression abundance of differential metabolites is higher