Fig. 1

Generation of the novel immune checkpoint-based signature from a TCGA cohort. A Cellular interaction of novel immune checkpoints in LUAD. B Overview of risk score, survival outcomes, and gene expression distributions across included patients. C Kaplan–Meier curves of overall survival in all patients with LUAD, stratified by the novel immune checkpoint-based signature into a high- and low-risk group. D Kaplan–Meier curves of relapse-free survival in LUAD patients stratified by novel immune checkpoints-based risk signature