Table 1 Mechanisms of exosomes promoting angiogenesis
From: Role of exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of central nervous system diseases
Source of exosomes | Intermediate molecule | Downstream pathway or molecule | Models or cells | Effect on downstream pathway | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Endothelial cell | miR-214 | ATM | Endothelial cells | – | [29] |
Adipose-derived MSCs | miR-125a | DLL4 | Endothelial cells | – | [30] |
Human umbilical cord derived MSC | NA | Wnt4/β-catenin | NA |  +  | [31] |
Bone marrow derived MSCs | pSTAT3 | NF-κB | NA |  +  | |
Human term PlaMSCs | NA | Angiogenesis-related gene | In vivo murine auricle ischemic injury model |  +  | [34] |
Human UCB | miR-21-3p | NA | Fibroblasts, endothelial cells | NA | [36] |
Induced vascular progenitor cells | NA | NA | Rat hindlimb ischemia model | NA | [37] |
Human EPC | NA | NA | H/R induction | NA | [38] |
Hypoxic-induced MSC | NA | NA | NA | NA |