Fig. 1

DNA methylation, enrichment analysis, and correlation analysis reveal the significant function related to Zbtb7b in UC patients and HCs. A Cluster heatmap of 48 differential DNA methylation acquired from GSE27899 (included 10 UC samples and 10 HCs), and 10 differential DNA hypermethylation and 38 differential DNA hypo-methylation in the UC samples. B Bubble chart of GO functional enrichment analysis showed the differentially methylated genes and enriched terms, which were mainly enriched in neutrophil-mediated immunity, neutrophil activation, and T cell activation. C Bubble chart of KEGG pathway analysis revealed differentially methylated genes and enriched pathways, which were enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, human papillomavirus infection, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. D, E Heat map and correlation heat map of immune cells in UC pathogenesis based on GSE27899, showing that immune cell infiltration played a vital role in UC. F Violin diagram of the proportion of six types of immune cells showed the difference in infiltration between HCs and UCs, illustrating that the proportion of CD4⁺ T cells was dramatically higher in UC samples compared with HC samples. HC healthy control, UC ulcerative colitis, B B cells, NK natural killer cells, CD4T CD4⁺ T cell, CD8T CD8⁺ T cells, Mono monocyte, Neutro neutrocyte