Table 1 Baseline characteristics between groups before and after PSM
Variables | Entire cohort (n = 51,342) | SMD | PSM cohort (n = 10,724) | SMD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-ondansetron (n = 45,980) | Ondansetron (n = 5362) | Non-ondansetron (n = 5362) | Ondansetron (n = 5362) | |||
Age [median (IQR)] | 64.7 (52.2,76.5) | 59.6 (46.5,70.2) | 0.165 | 64.1 (51.5,75.9) | 64.6 (53.0,74.2) | 0.006 |
Men, n (%) | 26,146 (56.9) | 2670 (49.8) | 0.142 | 2699 (50.3) | 2670 (49.8) | 0.016 |
Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.054 | 0.023 | ||||
Black | 4352 (9.5) | 402 (7.5) | 493 (9.2) | 402 (7.5) | ||
White | 31,023 (67.5) | 3635 (67.8) | 3451 (64.4) | 3635 (67.8) | ||
Hispanic | 1598 (3.5) | 190 (3.5) | 215 (4.0) | 190 (3.5) | ||
Others | 3604 (7.8) | 449 (8.4) | 477(8.9) | 449 (8.5) | ||
Admission type, n (%) | 0.201 | 0.006 | ||||
Medical/non-surgical | 31,901 (69.4) | 2794 (52.1) | 3253 (60.7) | 2794 (52.1) | ||
Elective surgical | 6678 (14.5) | 1840 (34.3) | 925 (17.3) | 1840 (34.3) | ||
Non-elective surgical | 7401 (16.1) | 728 (13.6) | 1184 (22.1) | 728 (13.6) | ||
Comorbidities at ICU admission, n (%) | ||||||
Myocardial infarct | 7307 (15.9) | 872 (16.3) | 0.010 | 863 (16.1) | 872 (16.3) | 0.023 |
Congestive heart failure | 11,196 (24.3) | 970 (18.1) | 0.154 | 930 (17.3) | 970 (18.1) | 0.002 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 5067 (11.0) | 549 (10.2) | 0.025 | 547 (10.2) | 549 (10.2) | 0.017 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 7249 (15.8) | 853 (15.9) | 0.004 | 870 (16.2) | 853 (15.9) | 0.011 |
Dementia | 1715 (3.7) | 109 (2.0) | 0.102 | 100 (1.9) | 109 (2.0) | 0.025 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 10,987 (23.9) | 1044 (19.5) | 0.108 | 1045 (19.5) | 1044 (19.5) | 0.006 |
Rheumatic disease | 1487 (3.2) | 173 (3.2) | 0.001 | 148 (2.8) | 173 (3.2) | 0.001 |
Peptic ulcer disease | 1302 (2.8) | 121 (2.3) | 0.037 | 108 (2.0) | 121 (2.3) | 0.023 |
Liver disease | 6741 (14.6) | 651 (12.1) | 0.070 | 637(19.9) | 651 (12.1) | 0.002 |
Diabetes with CC | 13,764 (29.9) | 16,178 (30.1) | 0.097 | 1600 (29.8) | 1618 (30.1) | 0.009 |
Paraplegia | 2431 (5.3) | 220 (4.1) | 0.056 | 227 (4.2) | 220 (4.1) | 0.016 |
Renal disease | 8207 (17.8) | 786 (14.7) | 0.087 | 724 (13.5) | 786 (14.7) | 0.014 |
Malignant cancer | 5826 (12.7) | 603 (11.2) | 0.044 | 614 (11.5) | 603 (11.2) | 0.002 |
Metastatic solid tumor | 2802 (6.1) | 304 (5.7) | 0.018 | 325 (6.1) | 304 (5.7) | 0.011 |
AIDS | 264 (0.6) | 15 (0.3) | 0.045 | 23 (0.4) | 15 (0.3) | 0.007 |
Need of support in the first 24 h, n (%) | ||||||
Vasopressors | 12,606 (27.4) | 1735 (32.4) | 0.108 | 1764 (32.9) | 1735 (32.4) | 0.005 |
MV | 12,044 (26.2) | 1499 (28.0) | 0.040 | 1504 (28.0) | 1499 (28.0) | 0.001 |
RRT | 877 (1.9) | 93 (1.7) | 0.013 | 90 (1.7) | 93 (1.7) | 0.008 |
ICU types, n (%) | 0.122 | 0.009 | ||||
CCU | 5539 (12.0) | 302 (5.6) | 588 (11.0) | 302 (5.6) | ||
SICU | 7307 (15.9) | 603 (11.2) | 915 (17.1) | 603 (11.2) | ||
NSICU | 1006 (2.2) | 298 (5.6) | 114 (2.1) | 298 (5.6) | ||
CVICU | 7628 (16.6) | 1744 (32.5) | 1102 (20.6) | 1744 (32.5) | ||
TSICU | 6111 (13.3) | 616 (11.5) | 791 (14.8) | 616 (11.5) | ||
MICU | 9140 (19.9) | 595 (11.1) | 865 (16.1) | 595 (11.1) | ||
MICU/SICU | 7779 (16.9) | 738 (13.8) | 816 (15.2) | 738 (13.8) | ||
Primary diagnosis, n (%) | 0.051 | 0.007 | ||||
Circulatory system | 16,820 (36.6) | 2469 (46.0) | 2130 (39.7) | 2469 (46.0) | ||
Injury or poisoning | 7416 (16.1) | 648 (12.1) | 980 (18.3) | 648 (12.1) | ||
Infectious diseases | 4532 (9.9) | 347 (6.5) | 452 (8.4) | 347 (6.5) | ||
Digestive system | 4247 (9.2) | 471 (8.8) | 429 (8.0) | 471 (8.8) | ||
Respiratory system | 3183 (6.9) | 149 (2.8) | 300 (5.6) | 149 (2.8) | ||
Immunity diseases | 1288 (2.8) | 165 (3.1) | 151 (2.8) | 165 (3.1) | ||
Nervous system | 1166 (2.5) | 150 (2.8) | 121 (2.3) | 150 (2.8) | ||
Genitourinary system | 743 (1.6) | 65 (1.2) | 46 (0.9) | 65 (1.2) | ||
Severity of illness | ||||||
SOFA score [median (IQR)] | 4 (3,10) | 4 (3,9) | 0.144 | 4 (3,9) | 4.(3,10) | |
SAPS II score [median (IQR)] | 33 (13,50) | 32 (12,48) | 0.051 | 32 (12,48) | 32 (12,49) | |
Outcome | ||||||
In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 3481 (7.6) | 229 (4.3) | 301 (5.6) | 229 (4.3) | ||