Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients included in the study

Maternal age (years)

33.36 ± 4.85

31.48 ± 4.71

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)

24.41 ± 4.77

25.98 ± 5.26

Weight gain during pregnancy (kg)

12.10 ± 2.72

9.52 ± 2.98

Gravidity history

2.38 ± 1.27

1.95 ± 1.31

Parity history

0.40 ± 0.54

0.36 ± 0.48

Gestational age (days)

268.10 ± 10.19

272.74 ± 6.63

OGTT at diagnosis of GDM or at 24 ~ 28 weeks of gestation

 0 min glucose (mmol/L)

5.28 ± 0.56

4.52 ± 0.22

 60 min glucose (mmol/L)

10.10 ± 1.79

7.15 ± 1.24

 120 min glucose (mmol/L)

8.68 ± 1.67

6.28 ± 0.93

AUC (mmol·L⁻¹·h⁻¹)

12.56 ± 1.53

17.02 ± 2.37

FPG at delivery (mmol/L)

4.79 ± 0.68

4.24 ± 0.49

HbA1c at delivery (%)

5.61 ± 0.56

5.32 ± 0.31

Baby's sex (female) (n[n%])

22 (52.38)

20 (47.62)

Birth weight (g)

3445.48 ± 483.68

3374.40 ± 486.82

Placental weight (g)

628.36 ± 103.55

613.95 ± 123.42

Apgar score (1 min)

9.88 ± 0.55

9.90 ± 0.37