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Table 5 Participants’ characteristics of the GKASC grouped by HTN stage

From: The association between bilirubin and hypertension among a Chinese ageing cohort: a prospective follow-up study

Variables

Overall

Normal

Pre-HTN

 ≥ Stage 1 HTN

P value

N = 1881

n = 485 (25.78%)

n = 938 (49.87%)

n = 458 (24.35%)

Age (years)

65.00 (62.00–70.00)

65.00 (62.00–69.00)

65.00 (62.00–69.00)

66.00 (63.00–72.00)

 < 0.001

Male (n, %)

823 (43.75)

200 (41.24)

423 (45.10)

200 (43.67)

0.380

WC (cm)

81.00 (75.00–88.00)

80.00 (74.00–87.00)

80.00 (75.00–87.00)

82.00 (76.00–89.00)

 < 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

22.23 (20.45–24.46)

22.06 (20.17–24.12)

22.23 (20.36–24.46)

22.54 (20.85–24.77)

0.006

Leukocyte (× 109/L)

5.90 (5.10–7.00)

5.80 (4.80–6.92)

5.90 (5.10–7.10)

6.00 (5.30–7.00)

0.095

Platelet (× 109/L)

217.00 (190.00–252.00)

217.00 (188.00–251.50)

217.00 (189.00–250.00)

220.00 (193.00–254.00)

0.409

Hemoglobin (g/L)

135.00 (126.00–144.00)

134.00 (126.00–143.00)

135.00 (127.00–144.00)

135.00 (126.00–145.00)

0.324

FPG (mmol/L)

4.99 (4.50–5.60)

5.00 (4.40–5.55)

4.93 (4.50–5.60)

4.98 (4.50–5.60)

0.617

ALT (U/L)

20.95 (16.33–27.50)

20.40 (15.70–25.45)

20.70 (16.50–27.50)

22.80 (17.10–30.20)

 < 0.001

AST (U/L)

21.00 (18.00–24.20)

20.00 (18.00–23.90)

21.00 (18.00–24.00)

21.00 (18.00–26.00)

0.006

Albumin (g/L)

44.60 (42.90–46.00)

44.20 (42.75–45.50)

44.60 (42.80–46.10)

44.75 (43.20–46.30)

0.017

STB (μmol/L)

11.90 (9.25–15.20)

12.00 (9.10–15.10)

11.90 (9.28 -15.23)

11.85 (9.40–15.40)

0.723

CB (μmol/L)

3.20 (2.20–4.40)

3.00 (2.10–4.10)

3.10 (2.10–4.50)

3.30 (2.38–4.60)

0.053

UCB (μmol/L)

8.30 (5.90–11.45)

8.60 (5.95–11.60)

8.30 (5.70–11.50)

8.10 (6.10–11.13)

0.782

SCr (μmol/L)

62.80 (51.70–75.80)

62.70 (50.70–76.35)

63.10 (51.98–75.50)

62.60 (52.25–76.13)

0.853

TC (mmol/L)

5.03 (4.40–5.71)

5.06 (4.42–5.69)

5.05 (4.42–5.79)

5.00 (4.32–5.64)

0.107

TG (mmol/L)

1.04 (0.77–1.48)

1.00 (0.74–1.38)

1.05 (0.77–1.52)

1.07 (0.81–1.55)

0.050

T2DM (n, %)

176 (9.36)

39 (8.04)

93 (9.91)

44 (9.61)

 

Hyperuricemia (n, %)

468 (24.88)

124 (25.57)

216 (23.05)

128 (27.95)

 

Marriage Status (n, %)

0.486

 Married

1649 (87.67)

432 (89.07)

818 (87.21)

399 (87.12)

 

 Widowed

220 (11.70)

50 (10.31)

116 (12.37)

54 (11.79)

 

 Unspecified

12 (0.64)

3 (0.62)

4 (0.43)

5 (0.11)

 

Smoking Habits

0.958

 Non-smoker

1395 (74.16)

365 (75.26)

689 (73.45)

341 (74.45)

 

 Former Smoker

59 (3.14)

14 (0.29)

30 (3.20)

15 (3.28)

 

 Current Smoker

427 (22.70)

106 (21.86)

219 (23.35)

102 (22.27)

 

Drinking Habits

0.375

 Non-drinker

831 (87.81)

425 (87.81)

800 (85.29)

390 (85.15)

 

 Current Drinker

121 (12.70)

59 (12.19)

138 (14.71)

68 (14.85)

 

Exercise frequency

0.880

 Low

1109 (58.96)

294 (60.62)

552 (58.85)

263 (57.42)

 

 Medium

171 (9.09)

41 (8.45)

88 (9.38)

42 (9.17)

 

 High

601 (31.95)

150 (30.93)

298 (31.77)

153 (33.41)

 
  1. Normally distributed variables with even variance were presented as mean ± SD, skewed variables as median (interquartile range), and categorical variables as n (%)
  2. Continuous variables were compared using Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U test depending on distribution. Pearson’s χ2 tests were used to compare categorical values
  3. HTN, hypertension; WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasm blood; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; STB, serum total bilirubin; CB, conjugated bilirubin; UCB, unconjugated bilirubin; SCr, serum creatinine; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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