Fig. 6

Effect of the combination treatment on LT-patient PBMCs in vitro. a Proportions Th1 and Th17 cells among PBMCs treated with L. acidophilus and/or FK506. Patient PBMCs were stimulated with anti-CD3 in the presence of L. acidophilus and/or FK506 for 3 days and analyzed by flow cytometry. b Proportion Treg cells were analysis by flow cytometry, and Foxp3 and IL-10 mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR after stimulation of LT-patient PBMCs with anti-CD3 for 3 days. Data are means ± SEM of three independent experiments (*each sample versus vehicle; ^#combination versus L. acidophilus; ^Xcombination versus FK506, *^,#,Xp < 0.05, **^,##,XXp < 0.01, ***^,###,XXXp < 0.005)