Table 1 The relationship between clinicopathological characteristics, MUST, CT-BC and systemic inflammation in patients with COVID-19 as stratified by CFS
| Clinicopathological | All (n = 106) |
Non Frail (CFS ≤ 3) n = 30 (28.3%) |
Frail (CFS > 3) n = 76 (71.7%) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.714 | |||
| Male | 56 (52.8) | 15 (50) | 41 (53.9) | |
| Female | 50 (47.2) | 15 (50) | 35 (46.1) | |
| Age (years) | < 0.001 | |||
| < 70 | 35 (33.0) | 18 (60.0) | 17 (22.4) | |
| ≥ 70 | 71 (67.0) | 12 (40.0) | 59 (77.6) | |
| Smoking Hx. | 0.145 | |||
| Yes | 68 (64.2) | 16 (53.3) | 52 (68.4) | |
| No | 38 (35.8) | 14 (47.7) | 24 (31.6) | |
| Alcohol excess Hx. | 0.229 | |||
| Yes | 18 (17.0) | 3 (10.0) | 15 (19.7) | |
| No | 88 (83.0) | 27 (90.0) | 61 (80.3) | |
| MUSTb | 0.380 | |||
| 0 | 53 (57.6) | 12 (50.0) | 41 (60.3) | |
| ≥ 1 | 39 (42.4) | 12 (50.0) | 27 (39.7) | |
| Hypertension | 0.006 | |||
| Yes | 47 (44.3) | 7 (23.3) | 40 (52.6) | |
| No | 59 (55.7) | 23 (76.7) | 36 (47.4) | |
| Heart failure | 0.211 | |||
| Yes | 14 (13.2) | 2 (6.7) | 12 (15.8) | |
| No | 92 (86.8) | 28 (93.3) | 64 (84.2) | |
| COPD | 0.005 | |||
| Yes | 22 (20.8) | 1 (3.3) | 21 (27.6) | |
| No | 84 (79.2) | 29 (96.7) | 55 (72.4) | |
| T2DM | 0.043 | |||
| Yes | 33 (31.1) | 5 (16.7) | 28 (36.4) | |
| No | 73 (68.9) | 25 (83.3) | 48 (63.2) | |
| Liver disease | 0.270 | |||
| Yes | 13 (12.3) | 2 (6.7) | 11 (14.5) | |
| No | 93 (87.7) | 28 (93.3) | 65 (85.5) | |
| Chronic renal failure | 0.514 | |||
| Yes | 22 (20.8) | 5 (4.7) | 17 (22.4) | |
| No | 84 (79.2) | 25 (83.3) | 59 (77.6) | |
| Active cancer | 0.545 | |||
| Yes | 17 (16.0) | 4 (13.3) | 13 (17.1) | |
| No | 89 (84.0) | 26 (86.7) | 63 (82.9) | |
| Anaemia | 0.065 | |||
| Yes | 54 (50.9) | 11 (36.7) | 43 (56.6) | |
| No | 52 (49.1) | 19 (63.3) | 33 (43.4) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.492 | |||
| ≤ 25 | 48 (45.3) | 12 (40.0) | 36 (47.4) | |
| > 25 | 58 (54.7) | 18 (60.0) | 40 (52.6) | |
| High SFI (cm2/m2) | 0.072 | |||
| Yes | 79 (74.5) | 26 (86.7) | 53 (69.7) | |
| No | 27 (25.5) | 4 (13.3) | 23 (30.3) | |
| High VFA (cm2) | 0.965 | |||
| Yes | 71 (67.0) | 20 (66.7) | 51 (67.1) | |
| No | 35 (33.0) | 10 (33.3) | 25 (32.9) | |
| Low SMI (cm2/m2) | 0.610 | |||
| Yes | 85 (80.2) | 25 (83.3) | 60 (78.9) | |
| No | 21 (19.8) | 5 (16.7) | 16 (21.1) | |
| Low SMD (HU) | 0.346 | |||
| Yes | 84 (79.2) | 22 (73.3) | 62 (81.6) | |
| No | 22 (20.8) | 8 (26.7) | 14 (18.4) | |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.976 | |||
| ≤ 150 | 85 (80.2) | 24 (80.0) | 61 (80.3) | |
| > 150 | 21 (19.8) | 6 (20.0) | 15 (19.7) | |
| Albumin (g/L) | 0.716 | |||
| ≥ 25 | 86 (81.1) | 25 (83.3) | 61 (80.3) | |
| < 25 | 20 (18.9) | 5 (16.7) | 15 (19.7) | |
| NLR | 0.003 | |||
| < 3 | 25 (23.6) | 11 (36.7) | 14 (18.4) | |
| 3–5 | 23 (21.7) | 10 (33.3) | 13 (17.1) | |
| > 5 | 58 (54.7) | 9 (8.5) | 49 (64.5) | |
| mGPS | 0.278 | |||
| 0 | 20 (18.9) | 6 (20.0) | 14 (18.4) | |
| 1 | 13 (12.3) | 7 (23.3) | 6 (7.9) | |
| 2 | 73 (68.9) | 17 (56.7) | 56 (73.7) | |