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Fig. 1 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Electrical stimulation of the cochlea for treatment of chronic disabling tinnitus: an open-label trial towards the development of an implantable device

Fig. 1

Trans-tympanic electrical stimulation of the cochlea. A Equipment used for promontory stimulation, including the Cochlear Nucleus Promontory Stimulator Z10012® (Cochlear Corporation, Melbourne, Australia). B Otomicroscopic view of the left tympanic membrane. C, D Surgeon placing the trans-tympanic monopolar needle electrode on the promontory. E Stabilized electrode in left ear. F Typical location of the needle electrode on the promontory of the cochlea is shown (white arrowhead) through a facial-recess approach commonly used for cochlear implantation[22]. G, H oscilloscope recording of promontory stimulation output demonstrating charge-balanced square biphasic pulse waveforms

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