From: Ground truth labels challenge the validity of sepsis consensus definitions in critical illness
Characteristic | All (n = 761)a | Working diagnosis (Item 3)b | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neither SIRS nor sepsis | SIRS | Sepsis | Severe sepsis | Septic shock | ||
(n = 312) | (n = 113) | (n = 51) | (n = 34) | (n = 247) | ||
Demographics | ||||||
Men | 460 (60.4) | 170 (54.5) | 69 (61.1) | 39 (76.5) | 22 (64.7) | 159 (64.4) |
Age in yr mean (sd) | 61.9 (16.2) | 61.6 (16.3) | 60.4 (18.2) | 65.7 (15.8) | 57.3 (19.7) | 62.8 (14.6) |
< 40 yr | 80 (10.5) | 38 (12.2) | 16 (14.2) | 3 (5.88) | 5 (14.7) | 18 (7.3) |
40–60 yr | 252 (33.1) | 100 (32.1) | 41 (36.3) | 13 (25.5) | 13 (38.2) | 84 (34.0) |
> 60 yr | 429 (56.4) | 174 (55.8) | 56 (49.6) | 35 (68.6) | 16 (47.1) | 145 (58.7) |
Referring departmentc | ||||||
Anesthesiology | 42 (5.5) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.9) | – | 2 (5.9) | 38 (15.4) |
General surgery | 168 (22.1) | 19 (6.1) | 29 (25.7) | 13 (25.5) | 6 (17.6) | 100 (40.5) |
Neurosurgery | 364 (47.8) | 215 (68.9) | 57 (50.4) | 19 (37.3) | 15 (44.1) | 57 (23.1) |
Orthopedics and trauma center | 87 (11.4) | 33 (10.6) | 12 (10.6) | 10 (19.6) | 5 (14.7) | 26 (10.5) |
Otorhinolaryngology | 34 (4.5) | 12 (3.9) | 4 (3.5) | 4 (7.8) | 3 (8.8) | 11 (4.5) |
Urology | 27 (3.6) | 10 (3.2) | 6 (5.3) | 4 (7.8) | 1 (2.9) | 6 (2.4) |
Other | 43 (5.6) | 24 (7.6) | 5 (4.4) | 1 (2.0) | 2 (5.9) | 10 (4.0) |
Working diagnosis present | ||||||
On admissiond | – | 308 (98.7) | 74 (65.5) | 25 (49.0) | 19 (55.9) | 161 (65.2) |
Charlson comorbidity index | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 2.9 (2.8) | 2.6 (2.9) | 2.5 (2.4) | 3.3 (3.2) | 3.4 (3.0) | 3.4 (2.6) |
SOFAe, score value | ||||||
On admission | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 6.9 (4.2) | 4.3 (2.9) | 7.1 (3.3) | 6.6 (2.5) | 6.0 (2.7) | 10.4 (3.7) |
Median (range) | 6 (0–21) | 4 (0–16) | 7 (0–16) | 7 (1–12) | 6.5 (0–11) | 10 (1–21) |
Maximum | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 8.0 (4.8) | 4.6 (3.0) | 7.9 (3.4) | 7.7 (2.6) | 7.2 (2.9) | 12.6 (4.0) |
Median (range) | 7.5 (0–23) | 4 (0–16) | 8 (0–16) | 8 (2–13) | 7.5 (0–12) | 12 (2–23) |
Microbiology testing | ||||||
Blood cultures | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 3.8 (6.1) | 0.8 (1.4) | 2.3 (2.7) | 4.4 (5.1) | 5.4 (4.9) | 8.0 (8.4) |
Median (range) | 1 (0–48) | 0 (0–9) | 1 (0–15) | 3 (0–23) | 4 (0–21) | 5 (0–48) |
Bronchial lavage | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 1.1 (3.0) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.5 (1.2) | 0.9 (1.6) | 1.2 (1.8) | 2.7 (4.7) |
Median (range) | 0 (0–50) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–7) | 0 (0–6) | 0 (0–9) | 1 (0–50) |
Antimicrobial therapy, ddd | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 12.1 (31.3) | 0.5 (2.4) | 1.2 (5.0) | 6.9 (9.4) | 13.0 (18.8) | 32.9 (47.6) |
Median (range) | 0.0 (0.0–421.8) | 0.0 (0.0–23.4) | 0.0 (0.0–45.0) | 4.6 (0.0–46.5) | 7.3 (0.0–99.1) | 17.5 (0.0–421.8) |
Length of encounter, d | ||||||
Mean (sd) | 8.8 (11.9) | 3.1 (3.6) | 5.6 (5.3) | 9.3 (8.6) | 11.8 (8.8) | 17.2 (16.1) |
Median (range) | 4.5 (0.1–104.9) | 1.6 (0.2–20.4) | 3.8 (0.3–22.5) | 6.8 (0.6–33.7) | 9.6 (0.4–33.8) | 12.7 (0.1–104.9) |
ICU mortality | 146 (19.2) | 20 (6.4) | 22 (19.5) | 3 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | 98 (39.7) |