Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to the incidence of dementia in all participants
|  | Overall n = 4,298 | Participants without dementia incidence n = 4205 | Participants with dementia incidence n = 93 | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 71.9 ± 5.4 | 71.8 ± 5.3 | 76.9 ± 6.1 | < 0.001 |
Sex (female, %) | 2139 (49.8) | 2082 (49.5) | 57 (61.3) | 0.025 |
Education (years) | 11.4 ± 2.5 | 11.4 ± 2.5 | 10.5 ± 2.7 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension (n, %) | 2000 (46.5) | 1956 (46.5) | 44 (47.3) | 0.879 |
Heart disease (n, %) | 723 (16.8) | 700 (16.6) | 23 (24.7) | 0.039 |
Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 582 (13.5) | 568 (13.5) | 14 (15.1) | 0.666 |
Hyperlipidemia (n, %) | 1769 (41.2) | 1736 (41.3) | 33 (35.5) | 0.261 |
Drinking habit (n, %) | 2003 (46.6) | 1966 (46.8) | 37 (39.8) | 0.183 |
Smoking habit (n, %) | 429 (10.0) | 419 (10.0) | 10 (10.8) | 0.802 |
Slow gait speed (n, %) | 398 (9.3) | 373 (8.9) | 25 (26.9) | < 0.001 |
Living alone (n, %) | 400 (9.3) | 388 (9.2) | 12 (12.9) | 0.228 |
Physical inactivity (n, %) | 1246 (29.0) | 1,213 (28.8) | 33 (35.5) | 0.163 |
MMSE (score) | 26.5 ± 2.4 | 26.5 ± 2.4 | 24.9 ± 2.4 | < 0.001 |