Table 1 Baseline characteristics and levels of SphK-related sphingolipids in the control and incident T2DM groups
Characteristic | Control (n = 100) | Incident T2DM (n = 100) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Men, n (%) | 41 (41%) | 41 (41%) | 0.999 |
Age, years | 62.4 (56.8–70.0) | 62.2 (56.1–67.6) | 0.729 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.7 ± 2.5 | 24.5 ± 2.8 | 0.744 |
Waist circumference, cm | 85.1 ± 8.5 | 84.8 ± 9.3 | 0.809 |
Total Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.89 (4.44–5.51) | 5.32 (4.70–5.89) | 0.010 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.86 ± 0.80 | 3.03 ± 0.73 | 0.121 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.33 (1.20–1.61) | 1.32 (1.17–1.51) | 0.743 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.41 (1.07–1.96) | 1.54 (1.15–2.23) | 0.409 |
Fasting plasm glucose (mmol/L) | 5.10 (4.85–5.30) | 5.10 (4.90–5.50) | 0.303 |
OGTT 2 h-plasm glucose (mmol/L) | 7.30 (5.85–8.70) | 7.40 (6.30–8.80) | 0.213 |
Insulin (μU/mL) | 8.00 (5.77–10.75) | 8.30 (5.97–10.97) | 0.777 |
HOMA-IR | 1.90 (1.34–2.44) | 1.92 (1.35–2.44) | 0.714 |
Uric acid (μmol/L) | 315.0 (265.0–356.0) | 315.5 (267.0–373.8) | 0.788 |
Family history of diabetes, n (%) | 28 (28%) | 27 (27%) | 0.874 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 133.8 ± 15.5 | 138.5 ± 18.1 | 0.052 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.1 ± 10.1 | 78.8 ± 10.0 | 0.231 |
Sphingolipids (nmol/L) | Â | Â | Â |
 Sph | 12.7 (9.58–17.6) | 14.2 (10.5–20.0) | 0.116 |
 S1P | 818.0 (724.0–919.0) | 844.0 (763.0–958.0) | 0.151 |
 S1P/Sph | 58.2 (46.8–82.3) | 55.2 (43.0–72.2) | 0.489 |
 dhSph | 3.09 (2.25–4.18) | 2.95 (2.29–3.63) | 0.281 |
 dhS1P | 132.0 (109.5–163.3) | 153.0 (128.0–189.2) | 0.002 |
 dhS1P/dhSph | 42.2 (34.0–52.6) | 50.7 (44.0–64.7) |  < 0.001 |