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Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of each class

From: Longitudinal analysis of symptom-based clustering in patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome: a prospective cohort study with a 5-year follow-up period

 

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

P

Dryness dominant

High symptom burden

Low symptom burden

 

(n = 66)

(n = 134)

(n = 121)

 

Pain

0 [0–3]

5 [4–7]

2 [0–3]

 < 0.001

Fatigue

5 [4–6]

7 [6–8]

5 [3–5.5]

< 0.001

Dryness

8 [8–10]

8 [7–9]

5 [5–7]

< 0.001

Anxiety/depression

2 [1, 2]

3 [2, 3]

2 [1, 2]

< 0.001

Age

55 [47.75–60]

51 [42.75–60]

54 [43–59.5]

0.224

Female (%)

65 (98.5%)

133 (99.3%)

119 (98.3%)

0.789

Disease duration (mo)

23.5 [2.3–56.2]

22.7 [1.6–61.1]

10.4 [1.3–44.5]

0.162

uSFR (mL/5 min)

n = 46

0.1 [0–0.25]

n = 97

0.1 [0–0.4]

n = 89

0.25 [0.1–0.5]

 < 0.001

sSFR (mL/5 min)

n = 40

1.5 [0.85–4.38]

n = 83

2.8 [1.5–5]

n = 70

2.75 [1.15–6.05]

0.091

Xerostomia Inventory

40.5 [31.75–44]

40.5 [34–46]

32 [25–39]

 < 0.001

Anti Ro positivity

56/66 (84.8%)

113/134 (84.3%)

105/121 (86.8%)

0.851

IgG

1634 [1310–2038.5]

1612 [1378–2052]

1520 [1329–1816.5]

0.155

ACPA positivity

5/66 (7.6%)

11/124 (8.9%)

12/117 (10.3%)

0.826

RF positivity

43/64 (67.2%)

79/129 (61.2%)

79/120 (65.8%)

0.644

Cryoglobulin positivity

n = 63

2 (3.2%)

n = 130

1 (0.8%)

n = 113

0 (0%)

0.116

Complement 3

87 [78–99.5]

94 [80–101]

93 [82–102]

0.163

Complement 4

22.7 [18.8–29.8]

21.3 [17.4–25.6]

22.3 [18.4–26.3]

0.398

Schirmer's test (OD)

n = 62

3 [1.75–5]

n = 112

4.5 [2–8]

n = 104

3.5 [2.25–7]

0.006

OSS (OD)

4 [2–6.25]

3 [1–5]

3 [1–5]

0.004

OSDI

35 [21.5–56.5]

48 [32–64]

28 [14–43]

 < 0.001

EGM

 Arthralgia/arthritis

13(19.7%)

81 (60.4%)

50 (41.3%)

 < 0.001

 Raynaud

13 (21.3%)

29(21.6%)

19 (15.7%)

0.495

 Lymphadenopathy

8 (12.1%)

24 (17.9%)

17 (14.0%)

0.512

 Pulmonary involvement

2 (3.0%)

5 (3.7%)

6 (5%)

0.783

 Cutaneous involvement

6 (9.1%)

28 (20.9%)

13 (10.7%)

0.027

 Liver involvement

4 (6.1%)

8 (6%)

3 (2.5%)

0.358

 Kidney involvement

0

6(4.5%)

1 (0.8%)

0.055

 Peripheral neuropathy

3 (4.5%)

25 (18.7%)

7 (5.8%)

0.001

 CNS

0

3(2.2%)

1 (0.8%)

0.356

 Autoimmune thyroid disease

15(22.7%)

17(12.7%)

18(15%)

0.179

 Fibromyalgia

1 (1.5%)

12 (9.0%)

3 (2.5%)

0.021

ESSPRI

5 [4.3–5.7]

6.7 [6–7.7]

4 [3–4.7]

 < 0.001

ESSDAI

3 [1–6]

4 [2–8]

3 [1–5.75]

0.03

 Articular

0

0[0–1]

0

0.004

 PNS

0

0

0

0.027

 Biological

1 [0–2]

1 [0–2]

0 [0–1]

0.041

Pt GA

72 [56.75–85.25]

73 [62–83.25]

52 [33–63.5]

 < 0.001

Phy GA

30 [15–45]

39 [20–50]

30 [ 13.25–44.75]

0.014

SSDDI

3 [2, 3]

2 [2, 3]

2 [2, 3]

0.014

Hydroxychloroquine

41/66 (62.1%)

85/134 (63.4%)

77/121 (63.6%)

0.977

Methotrexate

0/66

6/134

2/121

0.137

Azathioprine

2/66

4/134

1/121

0.434

Corticosteroid

24/66 (36.4%)

63/134 (47.0%)

33/121 (27.3%)

0.0049

NSAID

3 (4.5%)

25 (18.7%)

16 (13.2%)

0.024

Pilocarpine

54/66 (81.8%)

115/134 (85.8%)

90/121 (74.4%)

0.067

Pilocarpine,dose (mg)

10 [5–10]

7.5 [5–10]

6.25 [2–7.5]

0.013

Salivary siglec-5 (pg/mL)

(n = 35) 4210 [1232.5–9085.9]

(n = 69) 978.3 [213.5–3181.4]

(n = 63) 925.1 [29.7–3450.6]

0.001

  1. Data are expressed as median [interquartile ranges] values
  2. uSFR unstimulated salivary flow rate, sSFR stimulated salivary flow rate, IgG immunoglobulin G, CNS central nervous system, ESSPRI Eular Sjogren's syndrome patient reported index, ESSDAI Eular Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index, PtGA pateint global assessment, Phy GA physician global assessment, SSDDI Sjogren's syndrome disease damage index