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Fig. 1 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Urinary small extracellular vesicles derived CCL21 mRNA as biomarker linked with pathogenesis for diabetic nephropathy

Fig. 1

Urinary small EVs derived CCL21 mRNA increases in biopsy-proven DN patients. A Representative micrographs of transmission electron microscopy showed the typical size and shape of urinary small EVs from DN patients with higher and lower magnification. (scale bar: up-100 nm, down-200 nm). B Western blot and analysis of exosome (Alix, CD81 and CD63) and tubular marker AQP1 and AQP2 in urinary small EVs fraction from healthy individuals, patients with T2DM and biopsy-proven DN and the quantification was normalized to urine creatinine. C Size distribution and particle number of urinary small EVs analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and the quantification was normalized to urine creatinine. D Fourteen cytokines and chemokines as well as receptors were screened in DN (n  =  4 for each group). The relative expression of CCL21 mRNA in urinary small EVs showed significant increase in DN patients compared with healthy controls and T2DM patients. E The expression of CCL21 mRNA in urinary small EVs of DN patients (n  =  28) was significantly higher than healthy controls (n  =  16) and patients with T2DM (n  =  15) in validation cohorts. *p  <  0.05, **p  <  0.01, ***p  <  0.001, ****p  <  0.0001, compared with healthy controls. #p  <  0.05, ##p  <  0.01, ###p  <  0.001, ####p  <  0.0001, compared with patients with T2DM. HC healthy control; T2DM type 2 diabetes; DN diabetic nephropathy. F CCL21 mRNA expression in urinary small EVs isolated from DN patients with or without RNase and Triton X treatment. ****p  <  0.0001, compared with urinary small EVs treated with RNase and TritonX

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