Table 12 Identified scalp stimulation targets for bipolar disorder
From: Potential scalp stimulation targets for mental disorders: evidence from neuroimaging studies
Cluster ID | Cluster size | Peak T | Peak coordinates | Brain regions | 10–20 EEG system locations | Acupoint locations | Functions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x | y | z | |||||||
BD-1 | 55 | 7.29 | − 40 | 18 | − 20 | L IFG/OrbIFG/STP | 2 cm inferior to F7 | 1 cun anterior and inferior to GB 6 | Attribution of intentions/mental states to others, self/other distinction, experiencing emotional state, response to threat/fearful stimulus, multimodal memory retrieval, semantic processing, humor comprehension, inferential reasoning |
BD-2 | 37 | 7.29 | − 58 | − 14 | 6 | L STG | 0.5 cm anterior and superior to T3 | 0.1 cun anterior and superior to GB 7 | Performing basic and higher functions in hearing, language switching |
BD-3 | 72 | 8.02 | − 30 | − 58 | 44 | L IPL/SPL | 0.5 cm anterior and superior to P3 | 0.1 cun anterior and superior to GB 18 | Sentence generation, reading, calculation, arithmetic learning, performing verbal creative tasks, executive control of behavior |
BD-4 | 87 | 8.74 | 46 | 4 | 30 | R IFG/OperIFG/MFG/PreCG | 2Â cm anterior to C4 | 0.6 cun anterior and lateral to GB 17 | Motor sequencing/planning/learning/imagery, language processing, working memory, visuospatial attention, visuomotor attention, executive control of behavior, same-different discrimination |
BD-5 | 38 | 5.84 | 30 | 40 | 24 | R MFG/SFG | 1.5Â cm posterior to F4 | 1 cun posterior and superior to GB 4 | Attributing intention, theory of mind, suppressing sadness, working memory, spatial memory, recognition, recall, recognizing the emotions of others, planning, calculation, attention to positive emotions |
BD-6 | 54 | 6.57 | 32 | − 54 | 40 | R IPL/SPL/SMG/AG | 0.5 cm posterior and superior to P4 | 0.1 cun anterior and superior to GB 18 | Reading, spatial focusing of attention, visuospatial processing, theory of mind, executive control of behavior |
BD-7 | 60 | 7.29 | 40 | − 78 | − 4 | R MOG/IOG/ITG | 1 cm anterior and inferior to O2 | 0.6 cun posterior to GB 10 | Object recognition, visual function of processing faces |
BD-8 | 205 | 8.02 | − 4 | 8 | 52 | L MedFG/SFG/SMA | Fz | GV 22 | Motor sequencing/planning/learning/imagery, speech motor programming, working memory, episodic long-term memory, topographic memory, attention, planning/solving novel problems, executive control of behavior, processing emotions and self-reflections in decision making |