Trajectories of cardiovascular disease risk and their association with the incidence of cardiovascular events over 18 years of follow-up: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose study

Table 1 Characteristics of the participants

Characteristics*	Original Sample† (n = 3699)	Prospective sub-Sample‡ (n = 2522)	P⁑
Age, y	53.2 ± 9.3	61.6 ± 8.7	< .0001
Male, n (%)	1588 (42.9)	1036 (41.1)	1.000
Body mass index, kg/m2	28.0 ± 4.5	29.1 ± 4.9	< .0001
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	225.1 ± 46.8	204.4 ± 42.1	< .0001
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	144.7 ± 38.7	123.9 ± 35.2	< .0001
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	42.2 ± 10.9	47.9 ± 11.2	< .0001
Triglycerides, mg/dL, median (IQR)*	169 (119–237)	143 (105–196)	< .0001
Lipid-lowering medication, n (%)	199 (5.4)	329 (13.1)	< .0001
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	126.7 ± 20.6	127.2 ± 20.3	< .0001
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	80.7 ± 11.2	79.7 ± 11.3	0.0203
Hypertension, n (%)	1262 (34.1)	1079 (43.1)	< .0001
Anti-hypertensive medication, n (%)	434 (11.7)	587 (23.5)	< .0001
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	488 (13.2)	530 (21.2)	< .0001
Anti-diabetic medication, n (%)	232 (6.3)	341 (13.6)	< .0001
Current smoking, n (%)	464 (12.5)	225 (9.0)	< .0001

HDL indicates high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein
^*Numbers represent mean ± SD for continuous variables except for Triglycerides that represent the median (IQR); numbers and percentages are corresponding to "Yes" for dichotomous variables
^†Characteristics for the trajectory sample were measured at the baseline (the first examination cycle)
^‡Characteristics for the prospective sample were measured at the fourth examination cycle (2005–2008)
⁑Paired T-test for continuous variables and McNemar test for categorical variables

ISSN: 1479-5876