Fig. 3From: Cellular and molecular mediators of lymphangiogenesis in inflammatory bowel diseaseThe interaction between the mesenteric lymphatics and the intestinal flora. Invading intestinal mucosal bacteria interact with various immune cells in mesenteric lymph nodes, such as T cells, B cells, DC cells, macrophages, NK cells, and neutrophils. When bacteria stimulate the mesenteric lymph nodes, more IFN-C is secreted. At the same time, bifidobacteria can lead to decreased IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-12 secretion of DC cells. Also, the presence of microorganisms can activate the CD40 pathway and make CD103+ cells migrate from lamina propria to MLN, playing an important role in immune regulation, hence lymphangiogenesisBack to article page