Fig. 3

PNA-A15 dysregulated tumour oncogene genes and tumour suppressor genes in lung CSCs. The expression levels of down- and upregulated genes containing A and T repeat sequences of transfected PNA-A15 in spheroid a H292 and b A549 cancer cell lines were significantly increased and reduced compared with neutral genes. Subjects were divided into experimental and control groups. Dn, Nu, and Up denote downregulated, neutral, and upregulated genes, respectively, in spheroid H292 and A549 cancer cell lines compared with the scramble control in their spheroid cancer cell lines. The repeat density was measured in bp/Mbp at 13–27 bp length. c Venn diagram shows overlap between the intersection of downregulated genes in H292 (the left circle) and A549 (the right circle) cell lines. d The table of candidate genes determined by biological process from Gene Ontology. The list of genes and their oncogenic function from overlapping between intersecting both cell lines were classified as alphabetical order. e Venn diagram shows overlap between the intersection of upregulated genes between H292 (the left circle) and A549 (the right circle) cell lines. d The table of candidate genes determined by biological process from Gene Ontology. The list of genes and their tumour-suppressor function from overlapping between intersecting both cell lines were classified as alphabetical order. Student's t-test P-values, which are denoted by P, indicate that the mean difference between Dn/Up and Nu is statistically significant. All plots show the mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05 vs. untreated cells