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Fig. 2 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Fig. 2

From: Cigarette smoke-associated inflammation impairs bone remodeling through NFκB activation

Fig. 2

Enhanced induction of osteoclast activity through acute cigarette smoke exposure with LPS administration. a TRAP staining on the decalcified tibiae slides. b Number of osteoclasts on the bone interface was measured by bone histomorphometry. c Non-adherent bone marrow cells from the indicated test groups were seeded in 6-well plates, then cultured for 7 days. Gene expression of the osteoclast formation markers was detected by real-time RT-PCR. d Osteoclast formation was performed using non-adherent bone marrow cells and stained by TRAP in vitro. e Quantification of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells per well. Samples were evaluated in quadruplicate. Results are reported as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05 compared to non-smoke group; **P < 0.001 compared to non-smoke group; P < 0.05 compared to non-smoke with LPS group

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