Disease | Modifiable negative factors |
---|---|
Being overweight or obese, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, tobacco smoking, unhealthy eating, heavy alcohol consumption | |
Being overweight or obese, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, alcohol consumption, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, sodium intake | |
Long-term use of combination hormone replacement therapy (oestrogen–progestin), obesity, alcohol consumption, late pregnancy or never being pregnant, night-shift work, physical inactivity | |
Smoking (cigarette, cigar and pipe), second-hand smoking, beta carotene supplements in heavy smokers, alcohol consumption, exposure to chemicals, air pollution | |
TKA reoperation [17] | BMI, smoking, low activity, no sports, no long-distance walking |
Autoimmune diseases [47] | Being obese, smoking, unhealthy eating, physical inactivity, exposure to certain infections, certain medications, exposure to toxic agents |