Fig. 2
From: The roles of osteocytes in alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis
RANKL expression in osteocytes is upregulated under LPS and TNF-α stimulation. LPS binds to TLRs and activates the MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway, which promotes IL-6 production in osteocytes. IL-6 subsequently enhances RANKL expression by facilitating STAT signal transduction. TNF-α can promote RANKL generation through the NF-κB pathway and the ERK1/2, JNK and P38 MAPK pathways