Fig. 3
From: Non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring the immunotherapeutic response to cancer
Imaging targets in T cells and tumor microenvironment (TME). Different Tcell surface markers such as T cell receptors, cytokine receptors, immune checkpoint receptors and serum proteins and various metabolites such as glutamine, glucose, lactate, and fatty acids can serve as targets for imaging T cell metabolism and effector functions. Also, imaging other components in the TME, such as MDSCs, TAMs, Tregs, and cytokines such as TGF-β, can enhance the efficacy of monitoring immunotherapies