Fig. 1

HPSE regulates all hallmarks and enabling characteristics of cancer. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic activity of HPSE regulates the classic and emerging hallmarks of cancer as well as all enabling characteristics. The key mechanisms of action undertaken by HPSE in facilitating each of the hallmarks and characteristic features are listed. By virtue of its multi-faceted nature, HPSE has emerged as a key regulatory component within the TME