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Table 4 A simple mediation model of central obesity (X) on severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (Ï’) through leptin effort (M)

From: Leptin mediate central obesity on the severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in well-controlled type 2 diabetes and prediabetes

 

Path coefficient

Standard error

P-value

Total effects (total relationship, path c) Ω

The relationship between the independent and dependent variables

0.033

0.236

0.022

Direct effects, path c′

The relationship between the independent and dependent variables by including the mediator into the model

0.01

0.074

0.058

Indirect effect, path a

The effect of the independent variable on the mediator

1.252

0.22

 < 0.0001

Indirect effect, path b

The effect of the mediator on the dependent variable by controlling the effect for the independent variables

0.02

0.005

 < 0.0001

  1. X independent variable (central obesity: waist circumference), ϒ dependent variable (severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy: composite autonomic scoring scales, M mediator (leptin level), Ω The mediation effects a × b which is defined as the reduction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables (central obesity-severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy) (total relationship, path c) by including the mediator into the model (direct path, path c′), axb = 1.252 × 0.02 = 0.0245 = c–c′ (sobel test, P = 0.011)
  2. *indicates that p value < 0.05
  3. **indicates that p value < 0.0001