Skip to main content

Table 1 Bounded pathophysiological ranges of key biomarkers of physiological stress in the hemorrhaging trauma patient

From: Toward a hemorrhagic trauma severity score: fusing five physiological biomarkers

Pathophysiological range

Analyte

Low

Normal

High

Glucose

Hypoglycemia

< 3.88 mM

< 70 mg/dL

Euglycemia

3.88–5.50 mM

70-99 mg/dL

Hyperglycemia

>5.50–10.00 mM

99–180 mg/dL

Lactate

Hypolactatemia

<0.50 mM

Eulactatemia

0.50–2.00 mM

Hyperlactatemia

> 2.00–4.00 mM

Potassium

Hypokalemia

(< 3.50 mM)

Eukalemia

3.50-5.50 mM

Hyperkalemia

(> 5.50 mM)

pH

Acidosis

(< 7.35)

7.35-7.45

Alkalosis

(> 7.45)

pO2

Hypoxia

< 5.18 mM

< 100 mmHg

5.18-6.22 mM

100-120 mmHg

Hyperoxia

(> 6.22 mM)

>120 mmHg

  1. Italicized entries relate to an example implementation of the SFRP data generator, explained further in the text