High expression of MKK3 is associated with worse clinical outcomes in African American breast cancer patients

Table 1 Frequency of tumor driver gene alterations in Black/African American and White breast cancer patients

	Black or African American	White	Oncogenic function	Regulated pathways	References
Mutation, %
TP53	43	28	TSG	Apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair	[11]
BRCA1	10.2	6.9	TSG	DNA repair Checkpoint control	[9]
BRCA2	5.7	5.2	TSG	DNA repair, checkpoint control	[9]
PIK3CA	20	34	OG	Cell survival, proliferation	[11]
FBXW7	4.2	1.2	TSG	Cell cycle, apoptosis, differentiation	[12]
CDH1	6.4	16.2	TSG	Proliferation, adhesion, polarity, EMT	[13]
Deletion, %
CSMD1	14.5	8.7	TSG	Proliferation, migration and invasion	[12]
RB1	8.6	4.1	TSG	Cell cycle, apoptosis	[12]
Amplification, %
MYC	30.9	20.4	OG	Cell growth, survival, immune response, other	[12]
CCNE1	9.2	3.6	OG	Cell cycle	[12]

TSG tumor suppressor gene, OG oncogene, EMT epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

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