Fig. 5

L. sakei inhibits osteoclastogenesis. a Suppression of TRAP in the ankle joints of L. sakei-treated mice with autoimmune arthritis at 7 weeks, demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining. b TRAP staining of human monocytes cultured with 25 ng/mL macrophage colony-stimulating factor and 30 ng/mL RANKL in the presence or absence of L. sakei for 9 days. c mRNA levels of TRAP, calcitonin receptor, and cathepsin K assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and normalized to the level of β-actin. Bars indicate means ± standard errors of the mean (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.03, ***P < 0.01)