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Table 2 Association of EV inflammatory protein levels with diabetes status

From: Extracellular vesicles in diabetes mellitus induce alterations in endothelial cell morphology and migration

Protein

Longitudinala

Longitudinal: time 2b

NoDx → NoDx

HOMA

NoDx

HOMA

vs.

  

vs.

  

PreDM → DM

NoDx → DM

HOMA-Bc

HOMA-IRc

DM

HOMA-Bc

HOMA-IRc

CCL11

0.6895

0.4734

0.0613

0.7986

0.5876

0.1310

0.9978

CCL19

0.0625

0.2538

0.6472

0.2876

0.0704

0.2734

0.0677

CCL23

0.2579

0.2867

0.2974

0.4728

0.9022

0.9583

0.8806

CCL28

0.0008***

0.1180

0.9184

0.8612

0.0514

0.5241

0.4104

CCL4c

0.7288

0.1478

0.3385

0.7961

0.1363

0.4471

0.8941

CD40

0.5461

0.0344*

0.3137

0.1580

0.2250

0.8984

0.6521

CD5

0.1318

0.0009***

0.6239

0.3360

0.0324*

0.9095

0.4468

CST5

0.3237

0.5421

0.8888

0.9308

0.9194

0.4713

0.7005

CXCL1

0.9606

0.8884

0.6823

0.5690

0.9593

0.7767

0.4216

CXCL10

0.4053

0.0984

0.1801

0.3023

0.2059

0.1948

0.4656

CXCL11

0.8048

0.7669

0.6952

0.6708

0.3850

0.8246

0.6848

CXCL5

0.7495

0.9368

0.2769

0.7282

0.5621

0.9088

0.7494

CXCL6c

0.6071

0.8822

0.3341

0.5976

0.7739

0.5185

0.7089

CXCL9

0.2768

0.6001

0.8169

0.5981

0.9867

0.1415

0.1167

DNER

0.5363

0.2915

0.2429

0.0282*

0.9784

0.0900

0.0090**

FGF-19

0.7586

0.8874

0.3316

0.9467

0.6444

0.3248

0.8076

FGF-21c

0.1155

0.6767

0.8559

0.1220

0.1364

0.8983

0.3027

GDNF

0.7608

0.4757

0.8778

0.9899

0.6698

0.2500

0.3030

HGF

0.0947

0.6227

0.3132

0.0127*

0.9682

0.2367

0.0399*

IL-10RB

0.5333

0.3593

0.0226*

0.0407*

0.5623

0.1827

0.2961

IL-18R1

0.9183

0.4255

0.0489*

0.0037**

0.7629

0.2615

0.0172*

LAP TGF-β-1

0.5226

0.8291

0.0949

0.0537

0.7723

0.5630

0.9387

MCP-1

0.0691

0.2371

0.9937

0.5390

0.0409*

0.6267

0.8876

MCP-2

0.2893

0.3501

0.9501

0.4315

0.5721

0.5648

0.9228

MMP-1

0.6481

0.7230

0.8960

0.6673

0.5535

0.3654

0.9796

OPG

0.3266

0.4886

0.7252

0.1477

0.4301

0.5329

0.0611

SCF

0.2646

0.9151

0.0014**

0.2380

0.3614

0.0002***

0.1508

STAMBP

0.8042

0.0043**

0.4552

0.7957

0.1430

0.5963

0.4856

TRAIL

0.3993

0.6607

0.7377

0.8997

0.1053

0.2518

0.3672

TWEAK

0.0180*

0.2933

0.9389

0.6087

0.9182

0.5996

0.2648

uPA

0.2188

0.3251

0.2336

0.1949

0.1293

0.0295*

0.0564

VEGF-A

0.0003***

0.0038**

0.0302*

0.0028**

0.0033**

0.6355

0.0477*

4E-BP1

0.3764

0.2595

0.6119

0.4004

0.2777

0.9704

0.4282

  1. EV inflammatory proteins were quantified using PEA. Linear mixed model regression was used to analyze the relationship between EV inflammatory protein levels and diabetes status, HOMA of β-cell function (HOMA-B) and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), with all P-values indicated. Proteins with levels that were significantly associated with any of the variables in the columns are indicated (*** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, and * P < 0.05)
  2. aComparison of individuals who developed diabetes mellitus over time versus individuals who were euglycemic at both time points. (NoDx euglycemic, PreDM prediabetes, DM diabetes mellitus)
  3. bCross-sectional analysis of individuals from the longitudinal cohort who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at time 2 versus individuals who were euglycemic at time 2
  4. cNatural log-transformed for analysis due to skewness of distribution
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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