Estrogen receptor α as a predictive biomarker for survival in human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 Clinicopathologic characteristics

Characteristics	All patients	p16+/HPV+ group	p16+/HPV− group	p16−/HPV± group	p value
Sex
Male	101 (89.4%)	69 (87.3%)	7 (87.5%)	25 (96.2%)	0.442
Female	12 (10.6%)	10 (12.7%)	1 (12.5%)	1 (3.8%)
Age (years)
< 65	73 (64.6%)	55 (69.6%)	5 (62.5%)	13 (50%)	0.191
≥ 65	40 (35.4%)	24 (20.4%)	3 (37.5%)	13 (50%)
Smoking history
Never	38 (33.6%)	30 (38.0%)	3 (37.5%)	5 (19.2%)	0.083
Ever	75 (66.4%)	49 (62.0%)	5 (62.5%)	21 (80.8%)
Subsite
Palatine tonsil	85 (75.2%)	68 (86.1%)	6 (75%)	11 (42.3%)	< 0.001*
Base of tongue	14 (12.4%)	7 (8.9%)	2 (25%)	5 (19.2%)
Pharyngeal wall	7 (6.2%)	4 (5.1%)	0	3 (11.5%)
Soft palate	5 (4.4%)	0	0	5 (19.2%)
Uvula	2 (1.8%)	0	0	2 (7.7%)
Surgical margin^a
Clear	64 (80%)	39 (72.2%)	5 (83.3%)	20 (100%)	0.084
Involved	16 (20%)	15 (27.8%)	1 (16.7%)	0
Lymphovascular invasion^a
Absent	48 (60%)	30 (55.6%)	3 (50%)	15 (75%)	0.478
Present	32 (40%)	24 (44.4%)	3 (50%)	5 (25%)
Perineural invasion^a
Absent	74 (92.5%)	50 (92.6%)	5 (83.3%)	19 (95%)	0.784
Present	6 (7.5%)	4 (7.4%)	1 (16.7%)	1 (5%)
Initial stage (8th AJCC)
I	54 (47.8%)	46 (58.2%)	3 (37.5%)	5 (19.2%)	< 0.001*
II	36 (31.9%)	27 (34.2%)	5 (62.5%)	5 (19.2%)
III	10 (8.8%)	6 (7.6%)	0	4 (15.4%)
IV	13 (11.5%)	0	0	12 (46.2%)
ERα
Positive	40 (35.4%)	36 (45.6%)	1 (12.5%)	3 (11.5%)	0.003*
Negative	73 (64.6%)	43 (54.4%)	7 (87.5%)	23 (88.5%)
ESR1 mRNA^b
Positive	16 (15.8%)	15 (21.1%)	0	1 (4.3%)	0.079
Negative	85 (84.2%)	56 (78.9%)	7 (100%)	22 (95.7%)
p53 expression
Altered	24 (21.2%)	1 (1.3%)	3 (37.5%)	20 (76.9%)	< 0.001*
Wild type	89 (78.8%)	78 (98.7%)	5 (62.5%)	6 (23.1%)
Total	113 (100%)	79 (69.9%)	8 (7.1%)	26 (23%)

HPV human papillomavirus, AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer, ERα estrogen receptor, ESR1 estrogen receptor 1
*p < 0.05
^aEvaluated only in 80 surgical resection specimens
^bEvaluated only in 101 specimens due to RNA quality

ISSN: 1479-5876