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Table 1 The characteristics of the articles

From: A meta-analysis on the prevalence, associated factors and diagnostic methods of mental stress induced myocardial ischemia

No.

First author

Publication date

Country

Study type (follow-up)

mental stress

Diagnostic technique

Diagnostic criteria

Sex

Age (years)

Total sample

MSIMI

Scores of Crombie/NOS

Article quality

1

Akinboboye

2005

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Anger recall

Mental arithmetic

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

62.82 ± 8.71a

61.63 ± 7.99b

58

17

5

Moderate

2

Babyak

2010

USA

Prospective cohort study

(5.9 years)

Public speaking

Mirror trace

RNV

LVEF decrease

Male

Female

62.5 (55.8, 71.2)a

60.0 (51.2, 69.0)b

62.0 (55.0, 70.0)c

138

26

9 stars

High

3

Burg

2009

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Ager recall

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

66.2 ± 9.7a

64.9 ± 6.9b

65.9 ± 8.9c

68

22

6

High

4

Carels

1999

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

Public speaking

Mirror tracing

Reading

Type A structured interview

RNV

Ambulatory ECG

WMA

ST depression

Male

Female

58.5 ± 8.4c

136

79

6

High

5

Hammadah

2017

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Public speaking

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

62.9 ± 9.1c

660

106

6

High

6

Hassan

2007

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Public speaking

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

64 ± 9c

182

38

6

High

7

Hassan

2009

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Public speaking

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

64 (mean)c

211

34

6

High

8

Jiang

2013

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

Mirror trace

Anger recall

Echocardiography

LVEF decrease

WMA

Male

Female

63.35 ± 10.33a

63.63 ± 10.73b

63.81 ± 10.48c

307

134

6

High

9

Krantz

1991

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

Stroop color-word task

Public speaking

Reading

RNV

WMA

Male

Female

59.1 ± 11.3a

60.2 ± 11.4b

39

23

5

Moderate

10

Krantz

1999

USA

Prospective cohort study

(3.5 years)

Mental arithmetic

Public speaking

Echocardiography RNV

WMA

Male

Female

58 ± 10c

79

28

5

Moderate

11

Liu

2019

China

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

Echocardiography

LVEF decrease

Male

Female

60.2 ± 9.7a

59.8 ± 10.2b

60.1 ± 9.8c

82

16

6

High

12

Shah

2006

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Anger recall

SPECT

Echocardiography

MPD

WMA

Male

Female

67.2 (mean)a

66.0 (mean)b

83

30

6

high

13

Sheps

2002

USA

Prospective cohort study

(4.3–6.0 years)

Stroop color-word task

Public speaking

RNV

ECG/Ambulatory ECG

ST depression

LVEF decrease

WMA

Male

Female

62.6 ± 8.1a

62.8 ± 9.1c

182

77

9 stars

High

14

Soufer

2016

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

65.6 ± 9.0c

161

64

6

High

15

Specchia

1984

Italy

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

ECG

ST depression

Male

Female

50.5 ± 7c

111

20

6

High

16

Stepanovic

2012

Serbia

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

Anger recall

Echocardiography

WMA

Male

Female

52 ± 8c

79

48

6

High

17

Vaccarino

2014

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Public speaking

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

50 (mean)c

93

36

6

High

18

Vaccarino

2018

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Public speaking

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

50.5 (mean)c

306

50

6

High

19

Wong

1997

Australia

Cross-sectional study (No)

Mental arithmetic

Stroop color-word task

Reading

Public speaking Competitivecomputer game

ECG

ST depression

Male

Female

61 ± 9c

35

4

5

Moderate

20

York

2007

USA

Cross-sectional study (No)

Public speaking

SPECT

MPD

Male

Female

63 ± 8.58c

154

50

6

High

  1. MPD myocardial perfusion defects, WMA wall motion abnormality, LVEF left ventricle ejection fraction, RNV radionuclide ventriculography, ECG electrocardiography, MPD myocardial perfusion defects, SPECT single photon emission computed tomography
  2. aThe average age of patients without MSIMI
  3. bThea average age of patients with MSIMI
  4. cThe average age of total patients