Fig. 4

Induction of type 1 diabetes (T1D) increases the number of IL–17–producing cells in NOD/ShiLtJ mice. STZ (180 mg/kg) or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally into 10-week-old female NOD/ShiLtJ mice (n = 3 per group). a, c Peripheral blood cells (a) and splenocytes (c) obtained 11 days after administration of STZ were stimulated with PMA, ionomycin, and GolgiStop for 4 h and stained with antibodies against CD4⁺IL-17⁺ (Th17) and CD19⁺IL-17⁺ (B17) cells. b, d Peripheral blood cells (b) and splenocytes (d) obtained 11 days after administration of STZ were stimulated with PMA, ionomycin, and GolgiStop for 4 h and stained with antibodies against CD4⁺CXCR5⁺IL-17⁺ (Tfh17) cells, followed by analysis by flow cytometry. ^*P < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated group. Data are mean ± SD