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Table 2 Univariate Cox’s proportional hazards model assessing factors associated with mortality after diagnosis of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma in the gastrointestinal tract

From: Gastrointestinal mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma: a population level analysis of epidemiological trends

Risk factor

Hazard ratios (HR)a

95% CI

P value

Lower

Upper

Age at diagnose (years)

 60

Referent

   

 > 60

1.52

1.17

1.98

0.002

Race

 Other

Referent

   

 White

1.87

0.96

3.66

0.07

 Black

2.07

0.98

4.37

0.05

SEER stage

 Localized

Referent

   

 Regional

4.96

2.89

8.53

< 0.001

 Distant

16.91

9.95

28.73

< 0.001

Treatment

 Surgery

Referent

   

 No surgery

3.01

1.97

4.62

< 0.001

Grade

 Well differentiated

Referent

   

 Moderately differentiated

1.93

0.93

3.99

0.08

 Poorly differentiated

4.49

2.34

8.65

< 0.001

 Undifferentiated

3.39

1.51

7.62

0.003

Regional lymph nodes

 Negative

Referent

   

 Positive

6.53

4.37

9.75

< 0.001

Tumor size

 2 cm

Referent

   

 > 2 cm

3.62

2.20

5.97

< 0.001

Tumor site

 Appendix

Referent

   

 Colon

1.81

1.22

2.69

0.003

 Cecum

2.11

1.43

3.13

< 0.001

  1. aHRs greater than 1.0 indicate a higher risk of death