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Fig. 7 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Fig. 7

From: Oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a elicits antigen-specific resident memory CD4+ T cells in the human terminal ileum lamina propria and epithelial compartments

Fig. 7

Effect of oral Ty21a immunization on ex-vivo terminal ileum IEL CD4+CD103+ and CD8+CD103− TRM. Ex-vivo unstimulated IEL CD4+CD103+ and CD4+CD103− TRM were cultured overnight and their spontaneous cytokine (IFNγ, IL-17A, IL-2 and TNFα) production were measured using flow cytometry. Using the FCOM function of WinList, IEL CD4+CD103+ and CD4+CD103− TRM responses were stratified into single-positive cells (S) and multifunctional cells (MF). Comparisons of TI IEL CD4+CD103+ and CD4+CD103− TRM responses in a INFγ+; b IL-17A+; c IL-2+, and d TNFα+ S and MF in Ty21a-vaccinated (n = 17; red symbols) and unvaccinated volunteers (n = 17; black symbols) with significant differences shown (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.0005). Black lines: significant differences between Ty21a vaccinated and unvaccinated volunteers. Horizontal bars (black and red) represent median values

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