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Fig. 5 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Fig. 5

From: Oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a elicits antigen-specific resident memory CD4+ T cells in the human terminal ileum lamina propria and epithelial compartments

Fig. 5

Multifunctional S. Typhi-specific responses to a Ty21a homogenate antigenic preparation by terminal ileum LPMC CD4+CD103+ and CD4+CD103− TRM subsets in healthy adults following oral Ty21a immunization. Terminal ileum LPMC CD4+CD103+ and CD4+CD103− TRM were stimulated with Ty21a homogenate antigen (10 μg/mL) as described in Materials and Methods. Net Ty21a homogenate (media subtracted) S. Typhi-specific CD4+ TRM subsets responses were calculated using the FCOM function of Winlist and stratified into multifunctional cells (MF) and single-positive cells (S). Comparison of TI LPMC CD4+CD103+ and CD4+CD103− TRM Ty21a homogenate mediated S. Typhi-specific a INFγ+; b IL-17A+; c IL-2+, and d TNFα+ MF and S responses in Ty21a-vaccinated (n = 8; red symbols) and unvaccinated volunteers (n = 8; black symbols). Significant differences are shown (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.005). Trends are represented by their p-values. Horizontal bars (black and red) represent median values

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