Overexpression of a panel of cancer stem cell markers enhances the predictive capability of the progression and recurrence in the early stage cholangiocarcinoma

Sureerat Padthaisong; Malinee Thanee; Nisana Namwat; Jutarop Phetcharaburanin; Poramate Klanrit; Narong Khuntikeo; Attapol Titapun; Sakkarn Sungkhamanon; Hideyuki Saya; Watcharin Loilome

doi:10.1186/s12967-020-02243-w

Table 7 The correlation between CSC marker levels in sera with clinicopathological features and laboratory results in late stage CCA patients

From: Overexpression of a panel of cancer stem cell markers enhances the predictive capability of the progression and recurrence in the early stage cholangiocarcinoma

Variables	Late stage (TNM stage III, IV)
Variables	n	CD44	p	CD44v6	p	CD44v8-10	p	EpCAM	p
Sex
Female	24	0.51 ± 0.16		0.80 ± 0.15		0.71 ± 0.12		0.50 ± 0.17
Male	43	0.52 ± 0.12	0.584	0.78 ± 0.14	0.573	0.70 ± 0.12	0.940	0.47 ± 0.13	0.435
Age (year)
Less than 61	32	0.51 ± 0.12		0.80 ± 0.12		0.69 ± 0.10		0.46 ± 0.14
61 or greater	35	0.52 ± 0.14	0.769	0.78 ± 0.16	0.651	0.71 ± 0.13	0.505	0.50 ± 0.16	0.289
Tumor site
Intrahepatic	38	0.50 ± 0.13		0.77 ± 0.15		0.70 ± 0.11		0.46 ± 0.12
Extrahepatic	29	0.54 ± 0.13	0.231	0.82 ± 0.13	0.128	0.71 ± 0.13	0.539	0.50 ± 0.17	0.259
Histology type
Papillary	29	0.51 ± 0.14		0.78 ± 0.15		0.70 ± 0.12		0.47 ± 0.17
Others	38	0.53 ± 0.13	0.599	0.80 ± 0.14	0.510	0.71 ± 0.12	0.809	0.49 ± 0.13	0.562
Tumor marker
CA19-9 (U/mL)
< 37	13	0.47 ± 0.14		0.79 ± 0.13		0.71 ± 0.13		0.44 ± 0.13
≥ 37	33	0.53 ± 0.13	0.152	0.80 ± 0.16	0.828	0.70 ± 0.11	0.841	0.48 ± 0.13	0.257
CEA (ng/mL)
< 2.5	6	0.51 ± 0.20		0.71 ± 0.19		0.71 ± 0.10		0.52 ± 0.09
≥ 2.5	37	0.51 ± 0.11	0.888	0.80 ± 0.13	0.171	0.69 ± 0.10	0.598	0.44 ± 0.11	0.108
AFP (IU/mL)
< 5	33	0.52 ± 0.14		0.79 ± 0.16		0.70 ± 0.11		0.46 ± 0.11
≥ 5	4	0.45 ± 0.20	0.357	0.77 ± 0.11	0.792	0.61 ± 0.06	0.118	0.38 ± 0.11	0.199
Liver function test
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)
< 1.5	39	0.50 ± 0.14		0.77 ± 0.16		0.70 ± 0.11		0.46 ± 0.13
≥ 1.5	17	0.56 ± 0.12	0.137	0.85 ± 0.09	0.029	0.71 ± 0.11	0.632	0.51 ± 0.14	0.227
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)
< 2.5	35	0.49 ± 0.14		0.76 ± 0.16		0.68 ± 0.11		0.46 ± 0.13
≥ 2.5	21	0.55 ± 0.12	0.089	0.85 ± 0.11	0.037	0.73 ± 0.11	0.149	0.51 ± 0.13	0.181
ALT (U/L)
< 40	28	0.49 ± 0.14		0.76 ± 0.16		0.70 ± 0.12		0.48 ± 0.14
≥ 40	28	0.54 ± 0.12	0.148	0.83 ± 0.13	0.091	0.70 ± 0.11	0.946	0.47 ± 0.12	0.708
AST (U/L)
< 40	25	0.49 ± 0.15		0.75 ± 0.18		0.68 ± 0.11		0.45 ± 0.12
≥ 40	31	0.54 ± 0.12	0.150	0.83 ± 0.11	0.037	0.72 ± 0.11	0.187	0.49 ± 0.14	0.295
ALP (U/L)
< 130	19	0.47 ± 0.13		0.74 ± 0.16		0.65 ± 0.11		0.41 ± 0.11
≥ 130	37	0.54 ± 0.13	0.056	0.82 ± 0.13	0.049	0.72 ± 0.11	0.024	0.51 ± 0.13	0.006

CD44 cluster of differentiation 44, CD44v CD44 variant, EpCAM epithelial cell adhesion molecules, TNM primary tumor-node-metastasis, CA19-9 cancer antigen 19-9, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALP: alkaline phosphatase

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