Overexpression of a panel of cancer stem cell markers enhances the predictive capability of the progression and recurrence in the early stage cholangiocarcinoma

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of CCA patients and the correlation with 6 putative CSC marker expression

Variables	n (178)	CD44		p	CD44v6		p	CD44v8-10		p	CD133		p	EpCAM		p	ALDH1A1		p
Variables	n (178)	Low	High	p	Neg.	Pos.		Neg.	Pos.	p	Neg.	Pos.	p	Low	High	p	Low	High	p
Sex
Female	64	29	35		33	31		31	33		37	27		28	36		34	30
Male	114	33	81	0.028	78	36	0.026	72	42	0.056	77	37	0.194	57	57	0.423	60	54	0.950
Age (year)
Less than 61	85	33	52		54	31		49	36		54	31		44	41		43	42
61 or greater	93	29	64	0.285	57	36	0.758	54	39	0.955	60	33	0.891	41	52	0.306	51	42	0.570
Tumor site
Intrahepatic	96	33	63		49	47		52	44		54	42		40	56		48	48
Extrahepatic	82	29	53	0.890	62	20	0.001	51	31	0.280	60	22	0.019	45	37	0.079	46	36	0.417
Histology type
Papillary	83	32	51		53	30		46	37		55	28		37	46		40	43
Others	95	30	65	0.330	58	37	0.700	57	38	0.537	59	36	0.564	48	47	0.428	54	41	0.249
Primary tumor (T)
I, II	109	44	65		75	34		65	44		70	39		51	58		53	56
III, IV	69	18	51	0.051	36	33	0.026	38	31	0.548	44	25	0.951	34	35	0.746	41	28	0.160
Lymph nodes (N) metastasis
No	106	39	67		76	30		66	40		68	38		52	54		45	61
Yes	72	23	49	0.505	35	37	0.002	37	35	0.149	46	26	0.971	33	39	0.673	49	23	0.001
Distant metastasis (M)
No	174	59	115		107	67		102	72		112	62		83	91		90	84
Yes	4	3	1	0.088	4	0	0.116	1	3	0.178	2	2	0.554	2	2	0.927	4	0	0.056
TNM stage
I, II	80	32	48		59	21		51	29		51	29		40	40		32	48
III, IV	98	30	68	0.191	52	46	0.005	52	46	0.151	63	35	0.941	45	53	0.588	62	36	0.002

CD44 cluster of differentiation 44, CD44v CD44 variant, CD133 cluster of differentiation 133, EpCAM epithelial cell adhesion molecules, ALDH1A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1, TNM primary tumor-node-metastasis, Neg negative expression, Pos positive expression

ISSN: 1479-5876