Table 1 Basic characteristics of 15 randomized controlled trials included in the meta-analysis
From: Effects of probiotics on type II diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis
Study | Country | No. of cases (treatment/control) | Treatment group | Control group | Duration of treatment (week) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Razmpoosh E 2019 | Iran | 30/30 | Lactobacillus acidophilus 2 × 109 CFU + Lactobacillus casei 7 × 109 CFU + Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1.5 × 109 CFU + Lactobacillus bulgaricus 2 × 108 CFU + Bifidobacterium breve 3 × 1010 CFU + Bifidobacterium longum 7 × 109 CFU + Streptococcus thermophilus 1.5 × 109 CFU 4 times/day | Placebo | 6 |
Raygan F 2018 | Iran | 30/30 | Bifidobacterium bifidum 2 × 109 CFU + Lactobacillus casei 2 × 109 CFU + Lactobacillus acidophilus 2 × 109 CFU/day | Placebo | 12 |
Ejtahed HS 2012 | Iran | 30/30 | Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 4 × 109 CFU/day | Conventional yogurt | 6 |
Shakeri H 2014 | Iran | 26/26 | Lactobacillus sporogenes 1 × 108 CFU/1 g 40 g 3 times/day | Bread without probiotic bacteria and prebiotic inulin | 8 |
Khalili L 2019 | Iran | 20/20 | Lactobacillus casei 1 × 108 CFU/day | Placebo | 8 |
Tajadadi-Ebrahimi M 2016 | Iran | 30/30 | Lactobacillus acidophilus 2 × 109 + Lactobacillus casei 2 × 109 + Bifidobacterium bifidum 2 × 109 CFU/g | Placebo | 12 |
Mohamadshahi M 2014 | Iran | 22/22 | Lactobacillus acidophilus 3.7 × 106 CFU/g and B. lactic 3.7 × 106 CFU/g 300 g/day | Conventional yogurt | 8 |
Tajadadi-Ebrahimi M 2014 | Iran | 27/27 | Lactobacillus sporogenes 1 × 108 CFUs/g 3 times/day | Control bread | 8 |
Kobyliak N 2018 | Ukraine | 31/22 | Lactobacillus + Lactococcus 6 × 1010 CFU/g + Bifidobacterium 1 × 1010 CFU/g + Propionibacterium 3 × 1010 CFU/g + Acetobacter 1 × 106 CFU/g 10 g/day | Placebo | 8 |
Mobini R 2016 | Swedish | 14/15 | Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 1 × 1010 CFU/day | Placebo | 12 |
Firouzi S 2017 | Malaysia | 48/53 | Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus lactis 5 × 109 CFU + Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus lactis 5 × 109 CFU 2 times/day | Placebo | 12 |
Tonucci LB 2017 | Brazil | 23/22 | Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 1 × 109 CFU/day + Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 1 × 109 CFU/day | Conventional fermented milk | 6 |
Hui Y 2018 | China | 53/55 | Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 1 × 108 CFU/mL 200 g 2 times/day | Placebo | 8 |
Asemi Z 2016 | Iran | 51/51 | Lactobacillus sporogenes 1 × 107 CFU + 0.05 g beta-carotene 3 times/day | Placebo | 6 |
Mazloom Z 2013 | Iran | 16/18 | Lactobacillus acidophilus + Lactobacillus bulgaricus + Lactobacillus bifidum + Lactobacillus casei | Placebo | 6 |