Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of BCa patients based on clinicopathological characteristics derived from NCDB data in the training cohort
From: Prognostic nomogram for bladder cancer with brain metastases: a National Cancer Database analysis
Characteristics | Univariate analysis HR (95% CI) | P value | Multivariate analysis HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (< 65 years vs. ≥ 65 years) | 1.117 (0.819–1.525) | 0.48 | 1.032 (0.705–1.511) | 0.87 |
Sex (male vs. female) | 0.861 (0.602–1.233) | 0.42 | 1.166 (0.756–1.797) | 0.49 |
Race | ||||
White vs. black | 0.871 (0.509–1.489) | 0.61 | 0.956 (0.523–1.747) | 0.88 |
White vs. others | 0.889 (0.363–2.174) | 0.80 | 0.524 (0.197–1.39) | 0.19 |
Grade | ||||
Well differentiated vs. poorly differentiated | 0.896 (0.511–1.574) | 0.70 | 1.317 (0.653–2.656) | 0.44 |
Well differentiated vs. unknown | 1.144 (0.636–2.057) | 0.65 | 1.634 (0.753–3.546) | 0.21 |
Histology | ||||
TCC vs. PUC | 0.851 (0.588–1.232) | 0.39 | 1.181 (0.738–1.89) | 0.49 |
TCC vs. SCC | 1.083 (0.563–2.087) | 0.81 | 1.495 (0.714–3.13) | 0.29 |
TCC vs. others | 0.916 (0.578–1.45) | 0.71 | 0.629 (0.363–1.09) | 0.10 |
Lymph_nodes | ||||
No vs. yes | 0.835 (0.564–1.234) | 0.37 | 0.808 (0.51–1.28) | 0.36 |
No vs. unknown | 0.985 (0.682–1.422) | 0.93 | 0.761 (0.485–1.196) | 0.24 |
Lymph_Vas_Invasion | ||||
No vs. yes | 1.098 (0.658–1.832) | 0.72 | 1.494 (0.816–2.736) | 0.19 |
No vs. unknown | 1.291 (0.859–1.94) | 0.22 | 1.269 (0.764–2.107) | 0.36 |
Tumor_Stage (low vs. high) | 1.247 (0.704–2.21) | 0.45 | 1.089 (0.536–2.211) | 0.81 |
Met_Bone (no vs. yes) | 1.026 (0.742–1.42) | 0.88 | 0.61 (0.374–0.997) | 0.05 |
Met_Liver (no vs. yes) | 0.978 (0.683–1.4) | 0.90 | 1.223 (0.761–1.966) | 0.41 |
Met_Lung (no vs. yes) | 1.317 (0.962–1.802) | 0.09 | 0.878 (0.525–1.469) | 0.62 |
Surgery primary | ||||
Minimal invasive surgery vs. no surgery | 1.44 (1.031–2.011) | 0.03 | 2.529 (1.609–3.975) | < 0.001 |
Minimal invasive surgery vs. non-minimal invasive | 0.923 (0.558–1.525) | 0.75 | 1.253 (0.672–2.334) | 0.48 |
Chemotherapy (no vs. yes) | 0.353 (0.25–0.498) | < 0.001 | 0.213 (0.137–0.332) | < 0.001 |
Radiation_Therapy (no vs. yes) | 0.723 (0.53–0.986) | 0.04 | 0.708 (0.486–1.031) | 0.07 |
Palliative_Care (no vs. yes) | 0.922 (0.651–1.305) | 0.65 | 0.631 (0.413–0.964) | 0.03 |
Brain_Confined_Met (non–brain confined vs. brain confined) | 1.248 (0.911–1.71) | 0.17 | 2.229 (1.144–4.345) | 0.02 |
CDCC_Score | ||||
0 vs. 1 | 1.29 (0.886–1.878) | 0.18 | 1.439 (0.929–2.23) | 0.10 |
0 vs. 2 | 1.529 (0.798–2.926) | 0.20 | 1.865 (0.861–4.038) | 0.11 |
0 vs. 3 | 2.14 (0.932–4.91) | 0.07 | 2.545 (1.035–6.256) | 0.04 |
Surgery_Met (yes vs. no) | 0.9 (0.58–1.396) | 0.64 | 0.918 (0.546–1.542) | 0.75 |