Skip to main content

Table 2 Baseline characteristics and distribution of risk stratification of patients in the training and validation cohorts

From: Prognostic nomogram for bladder cancer with brain metastases: a National Cancer Database analysis

Characteristics

Training set (%)

Internal testing set (%)

Number of cases

High risk

Low risk

Number of cases

High risk

Low risk

Age

 < 65 years

71 (42)

32 (18.9)

39 (23.1)

22 (33.8)

11 (16.9)

11 (16.9)

 ≥ 65 years

98 (58)

49 (29)

49 (29)

43 (66.2)

21 (32.3)

22 (33.8)

Sex

 Male

128 (75.7)

63 (37.3)

65 (38.5)

47 (72.3)

19 (29.2)

28 (43.1)

 Female

41 (24.3)

18 (10.7)

23 (13.6)

18 (27.7)

13 (20)

5 (7.7)

Race

 White

148 (87.6)

70 (41.4)

78 (46.2)

59 (90.8)

29 (44.6)

30 (46.2)

 Black

16 (9.5)

8 (4.7)

8 (4.7)

4 (6.2)

3 (4.6)

1 (1.5)

 Others

5 (3)

3 (1.8)

2 (1.2)

2 (3.1)

0 (0)

2 (3.1)

Grade

 Well differentiated

14 (8.3)

10 (5.9)

4 (2.4)

1 (1.5)

0 (0)

1 (1.5)

 Poorly differentiated

96 (56.8)

39 (23.1)

57 (33.7)

39 (60)

19 (29.2)

20 (30.8)

 Unknown

59 (34.9)

32 (18.9)

27 (16)

25 (38.5)

13 (20)

12 (18.5)

Histology

 TCC

94 (55.6)

49 (29)

45 (26.6)

38 (58.5)

17 (26.2)

21 (32.3)

 PUC

42 (24.9)

15 (8.9)

27 (16)

8 (12.3)

5 (7.7)

3 (4.6)

 SCC

10 (5.9)

3 (1.8)

7 (4.1)

7 (10.8)

2 (3.1)

5 (7.7)

 Others

23 (13.6)

14 (8.3)

9 (5.3)

12 (18.5)

8 (12.3)

4 (6.2)

Tumor_Stage

 Low

13 (7.7)

7 (4.1)

6 (3.6)

4 (6.2)

2 (3.1)

2 (3.1)

 High

156 (92.3)

74 (43.8)

82 (48.5)

61 (93.8)

30 (46.2)

31 (47.7)

Lymph_nodes

 No

87 (51.5)

39 (23.1)

48 (28.4)

33 (50.8)

16 (24.6)

17 (26.2)

 Yes

36 (21.3)

14 (8.3)

22 (13)

17 (26.2)

9 (13.8)

8 (12.3)

 Unknown

46 (27.2)

28 (16.6)

18 (10.7)

15 (23.1)

7 (10.8)

8 (12.3)

Lymph_Vas_Invasion

 No

31 (18.3)

12 (7.1)

19 (11.2)

12 (18.5)

5 (7.7)

7 (10.8)

 Yes

29 (17.2)

13 (7.7)

16 (9.5)

6 (9.2)

3 (4.6)

3 (4.6)

 Unknown

109 (64.5)

56 (33.1)

53 (31.4)

47 (72.3)

24 (36.9)

23 (35.4)

Met_Bone

 No

112 (66.3)

47 (27.8)

65 (38.5)

44 (67.7)

26 (40)

18 (27.7)

 Yes

57 (33.7)

34 (20.1)

23 (13.6)

21 (32.3)

6 (9.2)

15 (23.1)

Met_Liver

 No

129 (76.3)

61 (36.1)

68 (40.2)

50 (76.9)

25 (38.5)

25 (38.5)

 Yes

40 (23.7)

20 (11.8)

20 (11.8)

15 (23.1)

7 (10.8)

8 (12.3)

Met_Lung

 No

100 (59.2)

40 (23.7)

60 (35.5)

34 (52.3)

16 (24.6)

18 (27.7)

 Yes

69 (40.8)

41 (24.3)

28 (16.6)

31 (47.7)

16 (24.6)

15 (23.1)

Surgery_Primary

 Minimal invasive

65 (38.5)

27 (16)

38 (22.5)

31 (47.7)

19 (29.2)

12 (18.5)

 No

83 (49.1)

48 (28.4)

35 (20.7)

29 (44.6)

9 (13.8)

20 (30.8)

 Non-minimal invasive

21 (12.4)

6 (3.6)

15 (8.9)

5 (7.7)

4 (6.2)

1 (1.5)

Chemotherapy

 No

97 (57.4)

77 (45.6)

20 (11.8)

36 (55.4)

28 (43.1)

8 (12.3)

 Yes

72 (42.6)

4 (2.4)

68 (40.2)

29 (44.6)

4 (6.2)

25 (38.5)

Radiation_Therapy

 No

89 (52.7)

50 (29.6)

39 (23.1)

38 (58.5)

14 (21.5)

24 (36.9)

 Yes

80 (47.3)

31 (18.3)

49 (29)

27 (41.5)

18 (27.7)

9 (13.8)

Palliative_Care

 No

122 (72.2)

62 (36.7)

60 (35.5)

47 (72.3)

21 (32.3)

26 (40)

 Yes

47 (27.8)

19 (11.2)

28 (16.6)

18 (27.7)

11 (16.9)

7 (10.8)

Brain_Confined_Met

 No

67 (39.6)

24 (14.2)

43 (25.4)

22 (33.8)

13 (20)

9 (13.8)

 Yes

102 (60.4)

57 (33.7)

45 (26.6)

43 (66.2)

19 (29.2)

24 (36.9)

CDCC_Score

 0

116 (68.6)

50 (29.6)

66 (39.1)

46 (70.8)

23 (35.4)

23 (35.4)

 1

37 (21.9)

19 (11.2)

18 (10.7)

12 (18.5)

8 (12.3)

4 (6.2)

 2

10 (5.9)

7 (4.1)

3 (1.8)

5 (7.7)

1 (1.5)

4 (6.2)

 3

6 (3.6)

5 (3)

1 (0.6)

2 (3.1)

0 (0)

2 (3.1)

Surgery_Met

 No

144 (85.2)

72 (42.6)

72 (42.6)

55 (84.6)

25 (38.5)

30 (46.2)

 Yes

25 (14.8)

9 (5.3)

16 (9.5)

10 (15.4)

7 (10.8)

3 (4.6)

  1. TCC transitional cell carcinoma, PUC papillary urothelial carcinoma, SCC small cell carcinoma