Table 2 Clinical characteristics, disease status and drug usage of the patients

Age (years)

59.6 ± 12.1

61.6 ± 9.6

62.9 ± 11.2

Height (cm)

172 ± 7

171 ± 5

172 ± 5

Weight (kg)

71.0 ± 7.8

86.6 ± 10.9^†

90.3 ± 8.2^†

Hip circumference (cm)

96.5 ± 6.2

109.0 ± 8.3^†

106.9 ± 7.5^†

Waist circumference (cm)

91.6 ± 6.3

106.0 ± 8.5^†

109.5 ± 8.0^†

Waist-to-hip ratio

0.95 ± 0.06

0.97 ± 0.04

1.03 ± 0.06^†,‡

BMI (kg/m²)

24.0 ± 1.9

29.4 ± 3.0^†

30.6 ± 2.7^†

SBP (mmHg)

124 ± 13

128 ± 13

132 ± 13

DBP (mmHg)

72 ± 6

75 ± 7

74 ± 6

Disease status

 Hypertension, n (%)

10 (71%)

22 (81%)

12 (86%)

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

7 (50%)

17 (63%)

7 (50%)

 NYHA [I/II/III/IV]

1/12/1/0

3/24/0/0

2/10/2/0

 CCS [I/II/III/IV]

1/11/2/0

2/23/2/0

2/9/3/0

 HFrEF, n (%)

11 (79%)

12 (44%)

6 (43%)

 HFpEF, n (%)

2 (14%)

14 (52%)

7 (50%)

Biochemistry

 Glucose (mg/dL)

80.5 ± 6.1

86.7 ± 7.1

104.1 ± 24.4^†,‡

 Insulin (mU/L)

5.34 ± 2.35

8.94 ± 4.75^†

8.44 ± 3.34^†

 HOMA2-IR

0.77 ± 0.33

1.30 ± 0.70^†

1.31 ± 0.57^†

 HbA1_c (%)

5.77 ± 0.40

5.66 ± 0.48

7.61 ± 1.39^†,‡

 Triglycerides (mg/dL)

121 ± 72

146 ± 66

226 ± 197^†

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

175 ± 43

169 ± 51

155 ± 47

 HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

37.6 ± 9.3

35.2 ± 6.3

34.1 ± 11.5

 LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

114 ± 39

106 ± 45

83 ± 38

Drugs

 Beta-blockers, n (%)

12 (86%)

24 (89%)

12 (86%)

 Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, n (%)

13 (93%)

23 (85%)

13 (93%)

 Statins, n (%)

10 (71%)

25 (93%)

12 (86%)

 Metformin, n (%)

0

0

7 (50%)

 Sulfonyloureas, n (%)

0

0

7 (50%)

 Insulin, n (%)

0

0

5 (36%)