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Table 2 Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical variables classified according to ISUP GG patient classification

From: Biofluid quantification of TWEAK/Fn14 axis in combination with a selected biomarker panel improves assessment of prostate cancer aggressiveness

  ISUP GG classification
Low risk (group I and II) High risk (group III, IV and V) p-value
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD
Anthropometric parameters
 Age (years) 62.82 ± 6.8 64.55 ± 5.82 0.320
 BMI (kg/m2) 28.23 ± 4.05 27.94 ± 3.54 0.665
 Prostatic volume (cc) 45.71 ± 25.96 43.5 ± 19.52 0.716
Glycemic profile
 Glucose (mmol/L) 5.90 ± 1.23 6.65 ± 2.35 0.050
 Insulin (pmol/L) 95.42 ± 60.84 89.73 ± 48.41 0.847
 HOMA-IR 3.75 ± 2.92 3.92 ± 2.76 0.795
 HbA1c (%) 5.77 ± 0.67 6.01 ± 0.86 0.152
Lipid profile
 Cholesterol (mmol/L) 5.02 ± 1.06 4.93 ± 1.01 0.609
 HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) 1.49 ± 0.71 1.35 ± 0.39 0.484
 LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) 3.23 ± 1.29 2.84 ± 0.88 0.148
 Triglycerides (mmol/L) 1.40 ± 0.74 1.63 ± 0.99 0.526
Hepatic profile
 AST (µkat/L) 0.38 ± 0.19 0.32 ± 0.07 0.104
 ALT (µkat/L) 0.40 ± 0.21 0.36 ± 0.11 0.816
 GGT (µkat/L) 0.72 ± 0.88 0.68 ± 0.50 0.783
Renal profile
 Uric acid (µmol/L) 373.57 ± 88.63 463.39 ± 559.75 0.595
 Urea (mmol/L) 13.99 ± 3.34 14.44 ± 5.40 0.922
 Creatinine (μmol/L) 83.98 ± 1.77 77.79 ± 2.19 0.187
Hormonal profile
 SHBG (nmol/L) 46.64 ± 50.65 38.93 ± 16.71 0.756
 Testosterone (nmol/L) 14.22 ± 4.62 12.88 ± 5.80 0.158
Tumoral markers
 Total PSA (μg/L) 7.64 ± 4.42 13.14 ± 11.47 0.003
Biofluid biomarker profile
 Semen cytokines (pg/mg of total protein)
  sTWEAK 989.07 ± 624.08 550.54 ± 380.25 0.003
  sCD163 1449.03 ± 2060.7 1392.09 ± 1265.89 0.391
  sFn14 645.31 ± 434.45 609.99 ± 413.28 0.781
  sCXCL5 360.23 ± 376.07 212.72 ± 240.72 0.179
  sCCL7 3.09 ± 3.34 3 ± 2.69 0.767
 Serum cytokines (pg/mL)
  sTWEAK 1118.74 ± 344.32 1331.08 ± 830.51 0.225
  sCD163 346.68 ± 286.15 349.46 ± 276.29 0.976
  sCXCL5 1234.89 ± 630.15 1346.42 ± 703.23 0.439
  sCCL7 2.6 ± 17.62 23.49 ± 107.42 0.508
 Urine cytokines (pg/mg of creatinine)
  sTWEAK 199.62 ± 257.43 128.24 ± 151.58 0.723
  sCD163 166.07 ± 804.1 1173.09 ± 3368.52 0.401
  sFn14 182.5 ± 287.53 159.69 ± 236.24 0.479
  sCXCL5 132.97 ± 142.43 161.98 ± 165.27 0.423
 Semen cell sediment gene expression (arbitrary units, 2−∆∆Ct)
  KLK2 1.12 ± 0.41 0.82 ± 0.45 0.050
  KLK3 1.16 ± 0.75 1.02 ± 0.74 0.529
  CXCR2 2.68 ± 3.6 4.03 ± 3.7 0.089
  CCR3 2.53 ± 3.23 6.31 ± 8.1 0.069
  CD163 6.37 ± 6.57 5.68 ± 5.54 0.796
  Fn14 4.15 ± 2.82 8.52 ± 7.69 0.077
  1. BMI, Body mass index; cc, centiliters; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; PSA, prostate specific antigen; TWEAK, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis; CD163, cluster of differentiation 163; Fn14, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14; CXCL5, C-X-C motif chemokine 5; CCL7, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7; CXCR2, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2; CCR3, C-C chemokine receptor type 3; KLK2, Kallikrenin-2 gene; KLK3, Kallikrenin-3 gene
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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